The impact of preschool children requiring adult assistance on evacuation efficiency

IF 3.5 2区计算机科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.simpat.2024.103062

Hongliu Li , Jacqueline Tsz Yin Lo , Siuming Lo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Preschool children, aged 3 to 6 years old, are a vulnerable group in emergencies due to their young age and limited self-protection abilities in kindergartens. Despite the critical role of kindergarten tutors in providing necessary aid and guidance, the adequacy of tutor-to-child ratios under increased assistance demands, and the efficacy of various evacuation guiding strategies, remain unexplored. This study modifies an agent-based model to simulate kindergarten evacuation, considering the proportion of children requiring assistance (ranging from 0 % to 100 %) and different guiding modes (instructing children in distinct regions: full circle, front semi-circle, and back semi-circle), with the aim of establishing ways to ensure effective evacuation. Through simulation, this study analyzes evacuation trajectories, evacuation time, flow, density distributions, and speed profiles to assess the impact of varying assistance needs and guiding strategies on evacuation efficiency. The findings reveal that an increase in the percentage of children needing assistance results in a gradual increase in evacuation time and a corresponding decrease in flow. Additionally, adopting the front semi-circle guiding mode speeds up evacuation compared to other guiding modes. These insights can provide valuable recommendations for kindergarten evacuation planning and crowd management for children.

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需要成人协助的学龄前儿童对疏散效率的影响

3 - 6岁的学龄前儿童由于年龄小，自我保护能力有限，是幼儿园突发事件中的弱势群体。尽管幼儿园教师在提供必要的帮助和指导方面发挥着关键作用，但在援助需求增加的情况下，教师与儿童的比例是否适当，以及各种疏散指导策略的有效性，仍未得到探讨。本研究对基于agent的幼儿园疏散模拟模型进行了修正，考虑了需要帮助的儿童比例（0 ~ 100%）和不同的引导模式（指导不同区域的儿童：全圆、前半圆、后半圆），建立了保证有效疏散的方法。本研究通过模拟分析疏散轨迹、疏散时间、流量、密度分布和速度分布，评估不同援助需求和指导策略对疏散效率的影响。研究结果表明，需要救助的儿童比例的增加导致疏散时间的逐渐增加和相应的流量减少。采用前半圆导向方式，相对于其他导向方式，加快了疏散速度。这些见解可以为幼儿园疏散规划和儿童人群管理提供有价值的建议。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 工程技术-计算机：跨学科应用

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

4.80%

发文量

142

审稿时长

21 days

期刊介绍： The journal Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory provides a forum for original, high-quality papers dealing with any aspect of systems simulation and modelling. The journal aims at being a reference and a powerful tool to all those professionally active and/or interested in the methods and applications of simulation. Submitted papers will be peer reviewed and must significantly contribute to modelling and simulation in general or use modelling and simulation in application areas. Paper submission is solicited on: • theoretical aspects of modelling and simulation including formal modelling, model-checking, random number generators, sensitivity analysis, variance reduction techniques, experimental design, meta-modelling, methods and algorithms for validation and verification, selection and comparison procedures etc.; • methodology and application of modelling and simulation in any area, including computer systems, networks, real-time and embedded systems, mobile and intelligent agents, manufacturing and transportation systems, management, engineering, biomedical engineering, economics, ecology and environment, education, transaction handling, etc.; • simulation languages and environments including those, specific to distributed computing, grid computing, high performance computers or computer networks, etc.; • distributed and real-time simulation, simulation interoperability; • tools for high performance computing simulation, including dedicated architectures and parallel computing.