Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic analysis of Salmonella contamination and transmission in yellow-feathered broiler hatcheries in China

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI:10.1016/j.vas.2025.100428

Canji Wu , Yuhui Deng , Zeluan Chen , Junhao Peng , Peizhi Wu , Jinger Chen , Pengju Chen , Ming Liao , Chenggang Xu , Jianmin Zhang

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Abstract

Salmonella is a significant avian pathogen causing infectious diseases in poultry, with hatching playing a crucial role in its transmission. Despite its importance, systematic research on Salmonella transmission in hatcheries remains limited. This study evaluates the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella throughout all production stages in yellow-feathered broiler hatcheries: laying, egg storage, incubating, hatching, and post-hatch. We found an overall Salmonella prevalence of 11.3 %, with the pathogen detected in both chickens and environmental samples. The hatching stage was identified as the most critical for Salmonella spread. Moreover, Salmonella Pullorum is the predominant serotype (93.97 %). Notably, all Salmonella isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, with some resistant to polymyxin B (22.41 %) and tigecycline (12.93 %). Resistance rates were highest for nalidixic acid (100.00 %), sulfamethoxazole (100.00 %), ciprofloxacin (95.69 %), and ampicillin (94.83 %). Additionally, antimicrobial resistance plasmid replicons and virulence genes were identified in these isolates. Whole genome sequencing was performed on 43 S. Pullorum isolates, revealing that the majority were ST92 (90.70 %). Phylogenetic analysis classified the isolates into three lineages, with Lineage III being the most predominant (83.72 %). It was found that Salmonella isolates from chicks and eggs across various production stages were closely related, and those from the environment also showed significant similarity. This suggests that Salmonella in the environment may originate from chicks/eggs and spread to other stages. More attention should be paid to Salmonella contamination in yellow-feathered broiler hatcheries, and stringent measures should be taken to control the horizontal spread of Salmonella, in addition to blocking the pathway of vertical transmission.

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中国黄羽肉鸡孵化场沙门氏菌污染与传播的流行、耐药性及系统发育分析

沙门氏菌是引起家禽传染病的重要禽源病原体，其传播过程中孵化起着至关重要的作用。尽管它很重要，但对孵化场沙门氏菌传播的系统研究仍然有限。本研究评估了沙门氏菌在黄羽肉鸡孵化场的所有生产阶段（产蛋、鸡蛋储存、孵化、孵化和孵化后）的流行情况和耐药性。我们发现沙门氏菌的总体患病率为11.3%，在鸡和环境样本中都检测到病原体。孵化阶段被确定为沙门氏菌传播的最关键阶段。以白痢沙门氏菌为主要血清型（93.97%）。值得注意的是，所有沙门氏菌分离株均表现出多药耐药，其中部分对多粘菌素B（22.41%）和替加环素（12.93%）耐药。耐药率最高的是萘啶酸（100.00%）、磺胺甲恶唑（100.00%）、环丙沙星（95.69%）和氨苄西林（94.83%）。此外，在这些分离株中还鉴定出了耐药质粒复制子和毒力基因。对43株白痢菌进行全基因组测序，结果显示大部分菌株为ST92型（90.70%）。系统发育分析将分离株划分为3个谱系，其中谱系III占83.72%；结果表明，不同生产阶段鸡和蛋中分离的沙门氏菌具有密切的相关性，环境中分离的沙门氏菌也具有显著的相似性。这表明环境中的沙门氏菌可能起源于小鸡/鸡蛋并传播到其他阶段。应重视黄羽肉鸡孵化场沙门氏菌污染，除阻断垂直传播途径外，还应采取严格措施控制沙门氏菌的水平传播。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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