Comprehensive performance improvement and functional upgrade of Magnolia-based epoxy resins

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2024.106129

Xinru Bai, Zhiyong Li, Yuting Dong, Xinyi Gao, Jingjing Meng

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Abstract

The magnolol- (MEP) and honokiol-epoxy resin (HEP) were prepared from the extract of the natural plant Magnolia officinalis. Those monomers were cured with hardeners, such as 4,4-diamino diphenyl sulfone (DDS) and 4,4′-bis (3-aminophenoxy) diphenyl sulfone (BDS), respectively via solvent-free process to fabricate networks with excellent mechanical properties. The curing procedures occurred in a wide temperature interval (65 °C), which made the concerning vacuum-assisted resin infusion feasible. Notedly, all combinations exhibited increased thermal stability (T_d5, 359.7–381.9 °C) with T_max fluctuating around 450 °C. The phase transition temperature (T_α) screen suggested that except MEP/BDS (T_α, 147.2 °C), other combinations varied from 264.2 °C to 281.2 °C. In addition, DDS allowed the networks with slightly lower thermal expansion coefficients (CTE, 68.1 ppm/ ^oC, <180 °C for HEP/DDS), while the BDS yielded relatively high CTE values (87.1 ppm/ ^oC, <106 °C, for MEP/BDS). The LOI value (33 %) and vertical burning test (UL-94) indicated their outstanding flame retardancy (UL 94 V-0). Furthermore, for MEP/BDS, the unique solvolysis (in DMF or THF) and thermally induced shape memory properties along with the superior flame retardancy demonstrated its overall high performances. As a whole, these performance improvements further facilitate the high-end applications of sustainable resins in cutting-edge areas.

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来源期刊

Reactive & Functional Polymers 工程技术-高分子科学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

5.90%

发文量

259

审稿时长

27 days

期刊介绍： Reactive & Functional Polymers provides a forum to disseminate original ideas, concepts and developments in the science and technology of polymers with functional groups, which impart specific chemical reactivity or physical, chemical, structural, biological, and pharmacological functionality. The scope covers organic polymers, acting for instance as reagents, catalysts, templates, ion-exchangers, selective sorbents, chelating or antimicrobial agents, drug carriers, sensors, membranes, and hydrogels. This also includes reactive cross-linkable prepolymers and high-performance thermosetting polymers, natural or degradable polymers, conducting polymers, and porous polymers. Original research articles must contain thorough molecular and material characterization data on synthesis of the above polymers in combination with their applications. Applications include but are not limited to catalysis, water or effluent treatment, separations and recovery, electronics and information storage, energy conversion, encapsulation, or adhesion.