Solar-promoted photo-thermal CO2 methanation on SiC/hydrotalcites-derived catalysts

Abstract

The photothermo-catalysis is a combined multicatalytic approach that allows to overcome some drawbacks of the respective single catalytic processes as the thermocatalysis and the photocatalysis. In this work, to efficiently exploit the potentiality of the solar photothermo-catalysis, SiC/hydrotalcites-derived catalysts were prepared with a simple hydrothermal method to exploit both the thermocatalytic properties of the formed multifunctional mixed oxides and the photo(thermo)-catalytic features of the silicon carbide. Two different hydrotalcite-derived catalysts were prepared, one with Mg-Co ions and another with Zn-Co ions. This latter sample, after the addition of SiC, showed the best performance in the CO₂ methanation reaction, with a CH₄ selectivity maximum of 71 % in the photothermal conditions at 250 °C, strongly improving the performance of the thermocatalysis (36 % at 350 °C). The presence of SiC permitted to increase the harvesting of the solar light, to modify the basic sites of the hydrotalcite-derived catalysts, allowing an efficient CO₂ activation, and to generate self-heating effects that enhanced the photo-driven thermocatalysis. Moreover, the formation of photocatalytic active species as the ZnO and the ZnAl₂O₄ after the calcination of the corresponding hydrotalcite precursor, led to exploit additional photocatalytic contributions to further increase the catalytic activity in the photo-promoted thermocatalytic CO₂ conversion into methane. The high versatility and the several synergisms generated by the application of this hybrid catalysis with these peculiar SiC/hydrotalcite-derived catalysts can be a sustainable strategy to efficiently valorise the carbon dioxide.