Unraveling the pervasive influence of brominated flame retardants on reproductive and developmental outcomes: A systematic review

IF 9 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Jiahua Meng , Zitong Zhang , Jiaqi Tian , Ning Li , Zhen Chen , Xiang Yun , Dandan Song , Fei Li , Lin Zhang
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Abstract

Brominated flame retardants are a class of chemical flame retardants containing bromine elements. Widely used in various consumer products to reduce fire hazards. However, the ubiquitous presence of BFRs in the environment and their potential to bioaccumulate in human tissues have raised concerns about their reproductive and developmental toxicity. This comprehensive review synthesizes the current epidemiological, in vivo, and in vitro evidence regarding the effects of both traditional and novel BFRs on reproductive and developmental health outcomes, where epidemiological studies have linked BFRs exposure to adverse neurodevelopmental, perinatal, and reproductive health consequences, while animal studies provide further insights into the impact of BFRs on parental and offspring health across mammalian and non-mammalian species. Cellular and molecular investigations have unraveled the mechanisms underlying BFRs-induced toxicity, including germ cell and zygote vulnerability, testicular toxicity, sperm quality alterations, and placental dysfunction. Furthermore, the interactive effects of BFRs with other environmental contaminants such as heavy metals, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, methylmercury, and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances have also been explored, which highlights the importance of mixture toxicology in assessing the risks associated with BFRs exposure. Despite the growing body of evidence, limitations in current research and challenges in extrapolating findings to human health risk assessment are discussed, along with recommendations for future research directions and risk management strategies. Based on which this review provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding the reproductive and developmental toxicity of BFRs and underscores the need for proactive measures to mitigate their adverse health effects and protect vulnerable populations.

Abstract Image

揭示溴化阻燃剂对生殖和发育结果的普遍影响:一项系统综述
溴化阻燃剂是一类含有溴元素的化学阻燃剂。广泛应用于各种消费品中,减少火灾隐患。然而,环境中无处不在的bfr及其在人体组织中生物积累的潜力引起了人们对其生殖和发育毒性的关注。本综述综合了目前流行病学、体内和体外关于传统和新型BFRs对生殖和发育健康结果影响的证据,其中流行病学研究已将BFRs暴露与不利的神经发育、围产期和生殖健康后果联系起来,而动物研究则进一步深入了解了BFRs对哺乳动物和非哺乳动物物种亲代和后代健康的影响。细胞和分子研究已经揭示了bfrs诱导毒性的机制,包括生殖细胞和受精卵易损性、睾丸毒性、精子质量改变和胎盘功能障碍。此外,还探讨了溴化阻燃剂与其他环境污染物(如重金属、多氯联苯、甲基汞和多氟烷基物质)的相互作用,这突出了混合毒理学在评估与溴化阻燃剂接触有关的风险方面的重要性。尽管证据越来越多,但讨论了当前研究的局限性和将研究结果外推到人类健康风险评估方面的挑战,并对未来的研究方向和风险管理战略提出了建议。在此基础上,本综述为了解生物致病菌的生殖和发育毒性提供了全面的基础,并强调需要采取积极措施减轻其对健康的不利影响并保护弱势群体。
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CiteScore
15.40
自引率
0.00%
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