A comprehensive review on flash point behavior of binary ignitable mixtures: Trends, influencing factors, safety and fuel design implications, and future directions

IF 32 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI:10.1016/j.pecs.2025.101222

Kazem Lakzian , Horng-Jang Liaw , Esmail Lakzian , Vincent Gerbaud

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The flash point (FP) behavior of binary ignitable mixtures, which are the simplest form of mixtures and fundamental building blocks, is essential for understanding multicomponent mixture behavior. This knowledge plays a vital role in process and chemical safety as well as in fuel design. In the present review, the FP of 245 independent binary ignitable mixtures, composed of 102 individual pure compounds derived from 69 published articles, was investigated. The mixtures based on their chemical class were categorized. Investigations on their ideal or extreme FP behaviors revealed that certain combinations have a higher potential for demonstrating extreme FP behaviors such as alcohol + aromatic hydrocarbon, alcohol + ester, alcohol + alkane, aromatic hydrocarbon + organic acid, alcohol + organic acid, phenol + alcohol, phenol + ketone, and phenol + pyridine. It was found that the occurrence of extreme FP behaviors is not only related to the chemical class but also to the molecular structure, the non-ideality of binary mixture, and the temperature gap between FP values of the pure constituents in each binary blend. These findings can be utilized to enhance the safety level of processes or operations involving these binary mixtures. Furthermore, this information can be valuable in fuel design for specific purposes and improve combustion, thanks to a comprehensive knowledge regarding the FP tendencies of each binary category and the potential for extreme FP behaviors.

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来源期刊

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

59.30

自引率

0.70%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Progress in Energy and Combustion Science (PECS) publishes review articles covering all aspects of energy and combustion science. These articles offer a comprehensive, in-depth overview, evaluation, and discussion of specific topics. Given the importance of climate change and energy conservation, efficient combustion of fossil fuels and the development of sustainable energy systems are emphasized. Environmental protection requires limiting pollutants, including greenhouse gases, emitted from combustion and other energy-intensive systems. Additionally, combustion plays a vital role in process technology and materials science. PECS features articles authored by internationally recognized experts in combustion, flames, fuel science and technology, and sustainable energy solutions. Each volume includes specially commissioned review articles providing orderly and concise surveys and scientific discussions on various aspects of combustion and energy. While not overly lengthy, these articles allow authors to thoroughly and comprehensively explore their subjects. They serve as valuable resources for researchers seeking knowledge beyond their own fields and for students and engineers in government and industrial research seeking comprehensive reviews and practical solutions.