Predictive analysis of adsorption dynamics of textile dyes on date seed carbon (DSC)

Abstract

This research investigates the efficacy of date seed carbon (DSC), an eco-friendly and cost-effective adsorbent derived from agricultural waste, for the removal of textile dyes from wastewater. Textile effluents, which carry high pollutant loads, pose significant environmental threats. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted under varying conditions of dye concentration (50–150 mg/L), stirring speed (100–800 rpm), and adsorbent weight (0.5–1.5 g). The adsorption data were analysed using Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, with the maximum adsorption capacity observed at 72.5 mg/g for Reactive Green dye. The predictive model developed in this study determined a diffusion coefficient of $1.2\times {10}^{-9}$ cm²/s and a mass transfer coefficient of $3.5\times {10}^{-4}$ cm/s under optimal conditions. The experimental results demonstrated dye removal efficiencies exceeding 90 % for concentrations up to 100 mg/L. These findings establish DSC as a promising candidate for efficient, sustainable, and industrial-scale textile effluent treatment. The presented study highlights the potential of DSC to advance eco-friendly wastewater management solutions and reduce environmental impacts.