Biosynthesis and modification strategies of novel cyclic lipopeptide secreted by Bacillus spp.: Research progress

Abstract

Cyclic lipopeptides, as a novel and green biosurfactant, has crucial biological functions, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and environmental healing. However, the complex regulatory systems, need for a stringent synthetic pathway, mixing of multiple congeners, and low yield have hampered the development and excavation of cyclic lipopeptide forming strains. In this paper, the fundamental structure and catalytic mechanism of non-ribosomal peptide synthetases, and cyclic lipopeptide biosynthesis routes, are subsequently addressed. Then, the targeted modification strategies for the synthesis of cyclic lipopeptides are described systematically. Finally, the current status and measures of developing novel cyclic peptides are analyzed, and the deficiencies, solutions and prospects of cyclic lipopeptides are discussed and prospected, aiming to improve application of cyclic lipopeptides in terms of both "quantity" and "diversity".