Powering Smart Wireless Implantable Medical Devices: Toward an internet of self-powered intra-body things

IF 4.4 3区 计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Raffaele Guida , Tommaso Melodia
{"title":"Powering Smart Wireless Implantable Medical Devices: Toward an internet of self-powered intra-body things","authors":"Raffaele Guida ,&nbsp;Tommaso Melodia","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2024.103748","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new generation of miniaturized, less invasive, and Smart Wireless Implantable Medical Devices (SW-IMDs), designed for real-time monitoring of biomarkers and with real-time system reconfiguration can now be realized thanks to advances in low-power electronics, sensing, wireless communications, and materials. However, the need for long-term and reliable power supply, together with the need to support innovative functions, impose new powering requirements that cannot be satisfied by traditional batteries. Batteries have in fact a major impact on the size and lifetime of the implant, and often need to be replaced every 5–10 years through a surgical procedure, causing discomfort and risks for the patient.</div><div>This article provides a broad overview of the two main approaches to powering for future medical implants, namely <em>remote energy transfer</em> and <em>energy harvesting</em>. We describe the underlying physical principles that regulate the energy transfer processes and the energy conversion mechanisms used to transform the energy produced by human or environmental sources into electrical energy. We also offer an extended overview of state-of-the-art technologies, leading remote powering methods, harvesters and scavengers. Some of the most recent prototypes and clinically available devices are briefly described as well. For each technology, we discuss advantages and drawbacks; as well as safety exposure limits to the radiating sources. Finally, we outline a number of open research challenges that need to be overcome to enable a new generation of self-powered implantable medical devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103748"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ad Hoc Networks","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570870524003597","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

A new generation of miniaturized, less invasive, and Smart Wireless Implantable Medical Devices (SW-IMDs), designed for real-time monitoring of biomarkers and with real-time system reconfiguration can now be realized thanks to advances in low-power electronics, sensing, wireless communications, and materials. However, the need for long-term and reliable power supply, together with the need to support innovative functions, impose new powering requirements that cannot be satisfied by traditional batteries. Batteries have in fact a major impact on the size and lifetime of the implant, and often need to be replaced every 5–10 years through a surgical procedure, causing discomfort and risks for the patient.
This article provides a broad overview of the two main approaches to powering for future medical implants, namely remote energy transfer and energy harvesting. We describe the underlying physical principles that regulate the energy transfer processes and the energy conversion mechanisms used to transform the energy produced by human or environmental sources into electrical energy. We also offer an extended overview of state-of-the-art technologies, leading remote powering methods, harvesters and scavengers. Some of the most recent prototypes and clinically available devices are briefly described as well. For each technology, we discuss advantages and drawbacks; as well as safety exposure limits to the radiating sources. Finally, we outline a number of open research challenges that need to be overcome to enable a new generation of self-powered implantable medical devices.
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Ad Hoc Networks
Ad Hoc Networks 工程技术-电信学
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
4.20%
发文量
131
审稿时长
4.8 months
期刊介绍: The Ad Hoc Networks is an international and archival journal providing a publication vehicle for complete coverage of all topics of interest to those involved in ad hoc and sensor networking areas. The Ad Hoc Networks considers original, high quality and unpublished contributions addressing all aspects of ad hoc and sensor networks. Specific areas of interest include, but are not limited to: Mobile and Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Sensor Networks Wireless Local and Personal Area Networks Home Networks Ad Hoc Networks of Autonomous Intelligent Systems Novel Architectures for Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks Self-organizing Network Architectures and Protocols Transport Layer Protocols Routing protocols (unicast, multicast, geocast, etc.) Media Access Control Techniques Error Control Schemes Power-Aware, Low-Power and Energy-Efficient Designs Synchronization and Scheduling Issues Mobility Management Mobility-Tolerant Communication Protocols Location Tracking and Location-based Services Resource and Information Management Security and Fault-Tolerance Issues Hardware and Software Platforms, Systems, and Testbeds Experimental and Prototype Results Quality-of-Service Issues Cross-Layer Interactions Scalability Issues Performance Analysis and Simulation of Protocols.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信