{"title":"Attack from malicious access points in cell-free massive MIMO systems: Performance analysis and countermeasure","authors":"Lei Sun, Ruiguang Wang, Weiyang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2024.103746","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates physical-layer security (PLS) in a cell-free massive MIMO network. It has been demonstrated that malicious access points (APs) can significantly compromise the downlink achievable rate by conducting channel estimation during the uplink training phase and transmitting precoded interference signals during the downlink data phase. A performance analysis has been conducted to derive a closed-form expression for the downlink achievable rate. To ensure secure communication, this paper proposes the injection of artificial noise (AN) into the uplink training phase to prevent malicious APs from acquiring channel state information. Due to limitations in degrees of freedom, third-party nodes are proposed to transmit AN. Given the possibility of no null space existing between third-party nodes and legitimate APs, a singular value decomposition-based precoding method is proposed, and an expression of the achievable secrecy rate is obtained. Both analytical and numerical results indicate that the proposed AN-aided scheme can effectively counteract the downlink interference attacks of malicious APs and outperform traditional power allocation methods in maximizing the achievable rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103746"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ad Hoc Networks","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570870524003573","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This paper investigates physical-layer security (PLS) in a cell-free massive MIMO network. It has been demonstrated that malicious access points (APs) can significantly compromise the downlink achievable rate by conducting channel estimation during the uplink training phase and transmitting precoded interference signals during the downlink data phase. A performance analysis has been conducted to derive a closed-form expression for the downlink achievable rate. To ensure secure communication, this paper proposes the injection of artificial noise (AN) into the uplink training phase to prevent malicious APs from acquiring channel state information. Due to limitations in degrees of freedom, third-party nodes are proposed to transmit AN. Given the possibility of no null space existing between third-party nodes and legitimate APs, a singular value decomposition-based precoding method is proposed, and an expression of the achievable secrecy rate is obtained. Both analytical and numerical results indicate that the proposed AN-aided scheme can effectively counteract the downlink interference attacks of malicious APs and outperform traditional power allocation methods in maximizing the achievable rate.
期刊介绍:
The Ad Hoc Networks is an international and archival journal providing a publication vehicle for complete coverage of all topics of interest to those involved in ad hoc and sensor networking areas. The Ad Hoc Networks considers original, high quality and unpublished contributions addressing all aspects of ad hoc and sensor networks. Specific areas of interest include, but are not limited to:
Mobile and Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
Sensor Networks
Wireless Local and Personal Area Networks
Home Networks
Ad Hoc Networks of Autonomous Intelligent Systems
Novel Architectures for Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks
Self-organizing Network Architectures and Protocols
Transport Layer Protocols
Routing protocols (unicast, multicast, geocast, etc.)
Media Access Control Techniques
Error Control Schemes
Power-Aware, Low-Power and Energy-Efficient Designs
Synchronization and Scheduling Issues
Mobility Management
Mobility-Tolerant Communication Protocols
Location Tracking and Location-based Services
Resource and Information Management
Security and Fault-Tolerance Issues
Hardware and Software Platforms, Systems, and Testbeds
Experimental and Prototype Results
Quality-of-Service Issues
Cross-Layer Interactions
Scalability Issues
Performance Analysis and Simulation of Protocols.