Exploring synergistic benefits and clinical efficacy of turmeric in management of inflammatory and chronic diseases: A traditional Chinese medicine based review

Abstract

Introduction

Turmeric has been utilized for centuries in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the management of various inflammatory and chronic diseases. Curcumin, the active component of turmeric, possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Similarly, TCM employs a holistic approach using herbal formulations, acupuncture, and dietary therapy to treat ailments. This review aims to explore the therapeutic effects of turmeric and TCM in managing inflammatory and chronic diseases, highlighting the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and potential synergistic effects when used in combination.

Methods

Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science were used to search the literature related to Turmeric (Curcuma longa). The papers from the year 2000 to 2024 covering the knowledge regarding Turmeric were included. Keywords like ``Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and phytochemistry,'' ``Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and pharmacological properties,'' ``Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases,'' ``Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and antioxidant,'' ``Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and cardiovascular diseases,'' etc. were included in the search. A total of 150 articles were retrieved out of which a total of 85 articles were considered. An effort was made to compile pertinent writings that were only concerned with Turmeric.

Results

The review identified significant evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory and therapeutic effects of turmeric and TCM. Turmeric (C. longa) was found to modulate various molecular pathways, including NF-κB and Nrf2, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. TCM formulations such as Huangqi (Astragalus) and Danggui (Angelica sinensis) demonstrated efficacy in managing chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular diseases. Combined use of turmeric and TCM showed enhanced therapeutic outcomes suggesting potential synergistic effects.

Discussion

Turmeric and TCM offer promising alternatives or adjuncts to conventional treatments for inflammatory and chronic diseases. The anti-inflammatory properties of Turmeric (C. longa) and holistic approach of TCM address both symptoms and underlying causes of chronic diseases. However, variability in study designs and formulations pose challenges in standardizing treatment protocols. Further clinical trials are needed to optimize dosages and combinations, ensuring safety and efficacy.

Conclusion

Turmeric and TCM hold significant potential in the management of inflammatory and chronic diseases. Their integration into mainstream medicine could offer more comprehensive treatment options, improving patient outcomes. Future research should focus on standardizing formulations and conducting large-scale clinical trials to establish evidence-based guidelines for their use.