Complete pentalogy of Cantrell associated with ectopia cordis and multiple anomalies: A case report from a low-resource setting

Abstract

This report presents a case of a male neonate diagnosed with a complete (Class I) PC characterized by a midline anterior wall defect with herniation of the heart and abdominal organs (ectopia cordis and omphalocele), along with diaphragmatic, sternal, and ventral abdominal wall defects consistent with PC. Additional anomalies included alobar holoprosencephaly, spina bifida, and clubfoot. The neonate was delivered via preterm cesarean section due to poor prognosis associated with this PC and other structural anomalies that were detected. The report explores the potential for associated anomalies in PC and examines the overall prognosis for individuals with PC, particularly within a low-resource setting. The case highlights managing this complex congenital condition.