Groundwater quality and its impact due to hydraulic fracturing activities around oil and gas drilling sites: A comprehensive study on distribution, correlation, ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101395

Babu Mallesh Dasari , Keshav Krishna Aradhi , Dasaram Banothu

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Abstract

Given the propensity of oilfield drilling activities to induce groundwater pollution, particularly in shallow aquifers, a critical evaluation of contamination risk becomes imperative for effective groundwater management and conservation. The distribution of twenty-two physicochemical parameters including heavy metal contamination in water is assessed using heavy metal pollution index (HPI), metal index (MI), and water quality index (WQI), revealing a high level of contamination. HPI values for the PRM season range from 63.3 to 4335.4 (mean: 1166.7) and for the POM season from 5.2 to 47.3 (mean: 23.3). The MI values during the PRM season ranged from 1.1 to 75.7 (mean: 10.1), while POM values ranged from 0.5 to 4.4 (mean: 1.1). The WQI for PRM ranged from 21.4 to 1093.7 (mean: 184.9) and from 18.1 to 614.2 (mean: 82.4) during the POM period. Irrigation quality indices determine groundwater suitability of groundwater for agricultural purposes. Employing multivariate statistical approaches, this study delineates the contributions of both natural and anthropogenic activities to alterations in groundwater hydrochemistry. Hazard Index (HI) values exceeded the USEPA's safe limits in 99% of PRM samples for children and 100% for adults, while 27.3% of POM samples for children and all POM samples for adults also surpassed safe levels. Carcinogenic Risk (CR) assessment indicated arsenic, chromium, mercury, nickel, and lead concentrations exceeding the USEPA's threshold of 1.0 x 10⁻⁶, suggesting significant carcinogenic risks for both adults and children. The study uses Monte-Carlo simulation to examine human health risk assessment parameters, and advocates for strategic planning, water resource management, and treatment schemes to mitigate identified health risks and towards providing safe drinking water.

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油气钻井场地水力压裂活动对地下水水质的影响：重金属分布、相关性及生态健康风险评价的综合研究

考虑到油田钻井活动容易引起地下水污染，特别是在浅层含水层，为了有效地管理和保护地下水，必须对污染风险进行关键评估。利用重金属污染指数（HPI）、金属污染指数（MI）和水质指数（WQI）对包括重金属污染在内的22个理化参数在水中的分布进行了评价，表明污染程度较高。PRM季节的HPI值在63.3到4335.4之间（平均值：1166.7），POM季节的HPI值在5.2到47.3之间（平均值：23.3）。PRM季节MI值为1.1 ~ 75.7（平均值10.1），POM值为0.5 ~ 4.4（平均值1.1）。在POM期间，PRM的WQI范围为21.4 ~ 1093.7（平均值为184.9）和18.1 ~ 614.2（平均值为82.4）。灌溉水质指标决定了农业用水地下水的适宜性。采用多元统计方法，研究了自然活动和人为活动对地下水水化学变化的影响。儿童PRM样品的危害指数（HI）超过了美国环保局的安全限值，儿童PRM样品的危害指数（HI）超过了美国环保局的安全限值，成人POM样品的危害指数（HI）超过了美国环保局的安全限值，而儿童POM样品的危害指数（HI）超过了27.3%，成人POM样品的危害指数（HI）也超过了安全限值。致癌风险（CR）评估表明，砷、铬、汞、镍和铅的浓度超过了USEPA的阈值1.0 x 10 - 6，表明对成人和儿童都有显著的致癌风险。该研究使用蒙特卡罗模拟来检查人类健康风险评估参数，并倡导战略规划、水资源管理和处理方案，以减轻已确定的健康风险并提供安全饮用水。

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来源期刊

Groundwater for Sustainable Development Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

10.20%

发文量

152

期刊介绍： Groundwater for Sustainable Development is directed to different stakeholders and professionals, including government and non-governmental organizations, international funding agencies, universities, public water institutions, public health and other public/private sector professionals, and other relevant institutions. It is aimed at professionals, academics and students in the fields of disciplines such as: groundwater and its connection to surface hydrology and environment, soil sciences, engineering, ecology, microbiology, atmospheric sciences, analytical chemistry, hydro-engineering, water technology, environmental ethics, economics, public health, policy, as well as social sciences, legal disciplines, or any other area connected with water issues. The objectives of this journal are to facilitate: • The improvement of effective and sustainable management of water resources across the globe. • The improvement of human access to groundwater resources in adequate quantity and good quality. • The meeting of the increasing demand for drinking and irrigation water needed for food security to contribute to a social and economically sound human development. • The creation of a global inter- and multidisciplinary platform and forum to improve our understanding of groundwater resources and to advocate their effective and sustainable management and protection against contamination. • Interdisciplinary information exchange and to stimulate scientific research in the fields of groundwater related sciences and social and health sciences required to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals for sustainable development.