Assessing the sustainability of an innovative closed-loop process of mechanical recycling of agricultural stretch film from a life cycle perspective

Abstract

The agricultural industry widely uses polymer materials, primarily in the form of films, hoses, nets, plates, and more. Farmers frequently use linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), one of many plastics, as stretch film for silage production. Unfortunately, inadequate disposal methods by farmers, such as incineration, burial in the ground, or landfilling, have contributed to significant environmental issues. While the local system for collection, segregation, and processing remains in its infancy, efforts are underway to develop a closed-loop system.

This study aims to analyze the technical feasibility, legitimacy, and environmental benefits of mechanically recycling stretch film used in silage production. The research focuses on the methodological aspects of performing a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of recycled linear low-density polyethylene (rLLDPE) stretch film used in agriculture. The involvement of FOLGOS - a recycling company and silage film producer specializing in closed-loop processing of stretch film - is highlighted. This study proposes an innovative consequential approach to emphasize the advantages of managing and recycling used plastic materials in terms of reducing virgin material production.

Life cycle analysis highlights recycling improvements but demands system expansion, circularity, and material substitution for comprehensive sustainability assessment. The analysis identified critical areas affecting the environmental burden, such as transport, processing, and energy efficiency, as well as the benefits of using secondary raw materials with a known origin compared to virgin material production. The study's findings will facilitate the collection of high-quality, representative process data in the future, helping operators optimize process management.