A critical review on vacuum and atmospheric microwave plasma-based graphene synthesis

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI:10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100812

Rosemary Johnson , Muhammad Adeel Zafar , Sabu Thomas , Mohan V Jacob

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nanotechnology has brought about a paradigm shift in material science, opening a wide range of potential applications in daily uses. Graphene is one of the most important nanomaterials that have applications in electronics, optoelectronics, energy storage, health care and aerospace industries due to its unique and remarkable properties. However, the synthesis of graphene since its discovery has encountered numerous struggles and each method has its advantages and shortcomings. Plasma-based synthesis of graphene, utilising various sources such as radiofrequency (RF) plasma, direct current (DC) plasma, and microwave (MW) plasma, stands out as a promising method due to its controllability, flexibility, and scalability. Among these, microwave plasma-based synthesis is gaining rapid popularity. This method, applicable under both vacuum and atmospheric pressure conditions, offers numerous advantages over other techniques, further enhancing its appeal in the field of graphene production. However, a comprehensive assessment of these methods in terms of equipment, process parameters and their effects on graphene production and quality has not been reported. Therefore, this literature presents a clear comparison of these methods along with the future outlook.

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来源期刊

FlatChem Multiple-

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

6.50%

发文量

104

审稿时长

26 days

期刊介绍： FlatChem - Chemistry of Flat Materials, a new voice in the community, publishes original and significant, cutting-edge research related to the chemistry of graphene and related 2D & layered materials. The overall aim of the journal is to combine the chemistry and applications of these materials, where the submission of communications, full papers, and concepts should contain chemistry in a materials context, which can be both experimental and/or theoretical. In addition to original research articles, FlatChem also offers reviews, minireviews, highlights and perspectives on the future of this research area with the scientific leaders in fields related to Flat Materials. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following: -Design, synthesis, applications and investigation of graphene, graphene related materials and other 2D & layered materials (for example Silicene, Germanene, Phosphorene, MXenes, Boron nitride, Transition metal dichalcogenides) -Characterization of these materials using all forms of spectroscopy and microscopy techniques -Chemical modification or functionalization and dispersion of these materials, as well as interactions with other materials -Exploring the surface chemistry of these materials for applications in: Sensors or detectors in electrochemical/Lab on a Chip devices, Composite materials, Membranes, Environment technology, Catalysis for energy storage and conversion (for example fuel cells, supercapacitors, batteries, hydrogen storage), Biomedical technology (drug delivery, biosensing, bioimaging)