Allocation of BESS and state of charge management in unbalanced distribution networks considering the State of Health

IF 3.3 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111467

Maria Elisa Fernandes Octaviano , Leandro Ramos de Araujo , Débora Rosana Ribeiro Penido

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Abstract

This paper presents a method for allocating Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) and managing their state of charge in unbalanced distribution systems. Various characteristics of distribution systems are considered to enhance result accuracy, including imbalances, neutrals, grounding, control devices, photovoltaic generation, and voltage-dependent loads. Several BESS features are also modeled, such as state of charge, state of health, depth of discharge, operating temperature impact, and cycle count. The proposed optimization framework is a mixed-integer nonlinear problem with temporal coupling, solved using a genetic algorithm combined with a quasi-static time series technique. Power flow equations are addressed using a Full-Newton AC power flow formulation, which offers a more precise representation of the distribution system, particularly under conditions with nonlinear loads, controls, and imbalances. Extensive tests are conducted on the IEEE Node Test Feeders. The results reveal that accounting for deep discharge and operating temperature significantly impacts BESS's operational cycle and lifetime.

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来源期刊

Electric Power Systems Research 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

17.90%

发文量

963

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Electric Power Systems Research is an international medium for the publication of original papers concerned with the generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electrical energy. The journal aims at presenting important results of work in this field, whether in the form of applied research, development of new procedures or components, orginal application of existing knowledge or new designapproaches. The scope of Electric Power Systems Research is broad, encompassing all aspects of electric power systems. The following list of topics is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather to indicate topics that fall within the journal purview. • Generation techniques ranging from advances in conventional electromechanical methods, through nuclear power generation, to renewable energy generation. • Transmission, spanning the broad area from UHV (ac and dc) to network operation and protection, line routing and design. • Substation work: equipment design, protection and control systems. • Distribution techniques, equipment development, and smart grids. • The utilization area from energy efficiency to distributed load levelling techniques. • Systems studies including control techniques, planning, optimization methods, stability, security assessment and insulation coordination.