Evaluation the efficiency of individual organic coagulants and associated with aluminum sulfate in the removal of colloidal substances from Rio Doce, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Letícia Reggiane de Carvalho Costa, Igor Ferreira Fioravante
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Abstract

The conventional water treatment process, involving primary, secondary, and tertiary stages, frequently employs chemical coagulants like aluminum sulfate during coagulation/flocculation. However, this practice generates residues with high concentrations of harmful inorganic salts, posing environmental and operational challenges. This study investigates the use of natural organic coagulants as sustainable and effective alternatives, emphasizing their potential to reduce residual inorganic content and leverage resources already present in the environment. Water samples from the Rio Doce in Santana do Paraíso, MG—impacted by the 2015 Fundão tailings dam collapse (SAMARCO)—were treated using Jar-test equipment to simulate coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation processes. The performance of aluminum sulfate, Tanfloc SG, and Moringa oleifera Lam was evaluated for turbidity removal, color reduction, and pH stability. While aluminum sulfate achieved 92 % turbidity and 83 % color removal, the natural coagulants demonstrated competitive results: Tanfloc SG achieved 83 % turbidity and 70 % color removal, and M. oleifera Lam achieved 75 % turbidity and 65 % color removal. Remarkably, combining aluminum sulfate with M. oleifera enhanced removal efficiencies to 99 % for both turbidity and color, with minimal pH variation. The findings highlight the advantages of natural coagulants, including lower residual inorganic waste and the opportunity to repurpose environmentally available resources, making them a promising alternative to conventional aluminum-based coagulants. This approach contributes to more sustainable water treatment practices, particularly for areas impacted by environmental disasters.
评价单个有机混凝剂和硫酸铝在去除巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州里约热内卢Doce胶状物质中的效率
常规的水处理工艺包括一级、二级和三级,在混凝/絮凝过程中经常使用硫酸铝等化学混凝剂。然而,这种做法会产生含有高浓度有害无机盐的残留物,给环境和操作带来挑战。本研究调查了天然有机混凝剂作为可持续和有效的替代品的使用,强调了它们减少残留无机含量和利用环境中已经存在的资源的潜力。来自明尼苏达州Santana do Paraíso的里约热内卢Doce的水样-受到2015年fund尾矿坝坍塌(SAMARCO)的影响-使用jar测试设备进行处理,以模拟混凝/絮凝和沉积过程。对硫酸铝、Tanfloc SG和辣木的去浊度、还色性和pH稳定性进行了评价。而硫酸铝达到92%的浊度和83%的去色,天然混凝剂表现出竞争结果:Tanfloc SG达到83%的浊度和70%的去色,M. oleifera Lam达到75%的浊度和65%的去色。值得注意的是,硫酸铝与油橄榄的结合将浊度和颜色的去除效率提高到99%,pH值变化最小。研究结果强调了天然混凝剂的优势,包括低残留无机废物和重新利用环境可用资源的机会,使其成为传统铝基混凝剂的有希望的替代品。这种方法有助于更可持续的水处理实践,特别是受环境灾害影响的地区。
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