Improved African Swine Fever Detection for Environmental Samples in the Presence of Organic Contaminants

IF 3.5 2区农林科学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI:10.1155/tbed/8841168

Taeyong Kwon, Jordan T. Gebhardt, Eu Lim Lyoo, Natasha N. Gaudreault, Jessie D. Trujillo, Jason C. Woodworth, Chad B. Paulk, Cassandra K. Jones, Juergen A. Richt

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Abstract

Geographical expansion and trans-continental transmission of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) pose a significant risk to the global swine industry due to its high impact on swine health and agro-economy. Several different modes of ASFV transmission make it difficult to predict and prevent ASFV introduction to the free area and its spread in the affected area. Indirect transmission through contaminated surfaces could be one of the possible routes to introduce ASFV to the United States due to its high resistance on environmental surfaces and the frequency of international movements. However, there is limited knowledge about environmental samples for ASFV surveillance, when compared to clinical samples from infected pigs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop methods for better detection of ASFV DNA in the presence of four different types of organic contaminants: soil, swine feces, feed dust, and their mixture. The presence of organic contaminants negatively affected the sensitivity of ASFV DNA detection. Centrifugation and filtration were crucial for ASFV detection in environmental samples with soil and mixture, whereas filtration reduced the sensitivity of ASFV DNA detection in samples from clean surfaces and swine feces- and feed dust-contaminated surfaces. Detection of ASFV was significantly improved when sampled by the sponge stick with DNA/RNA shield when compared to the cost-effective sampling strategy, the cotton gauze with phosphate-buffered saline. These findings highlight the effect of organic contaminants and the use of the nucleic acid stabilization buffer on ASFV diagnostic performance and provide important background for ASFV preparedness.

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来源期刊

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 农林科学-传染病学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

9.30%

发文量

350

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Transboundary and Emerging Diseases brings together in one place the latest research on infectious diseases considered to hold the greatest economic threat to animals and humans worldwide. The journal provides a venue for global research on their diagnosis, prevention and management, and for papers on public health, pathogenesis, epidemiology, statistical modeling, diagnostics, biosecurity issues, genomics, vaccine development and rapid communication of new outbreaks. Papers should include timely research approaches using state-of-the-art technologies. The editors encourage papers adopting a science-based approach on socio-economic and environmental factors influencing the management of the bio-security threat posed by these diseases, including risk analysis and disease spread modeling. Preference will be given to communications focusing on novel science-based approaches to controlling transboundary and emerging diseases. The following topics are generally considered out-of-scope, but decisions are made on a case-by-case basis (for example, studies on cryptic wildlife populations, and those on potential species extinctions): Pathogen discovery: a common pathogen newly recognised in a specific country, or a new pathogen or genetic sequence for which there is little context about — or insights regarding — its emergence or spread. Prevalence estimation surveys and risk factor studies based on survey (rather than longitudinal) methodology, except when such studies are unique. Surveys of knowledge, attitudes and practices are within scope. Diagnostic test development if not accompanied by robust sensitivity and specificity estimation from field studies. Studies focused only on laboratory methods in which relevance to disease emergence and spread is not obvious or can not be inferred (“pure research” type studies). Narrative literature reviews which do not generate new knowledge. Systematic and scoping reviews, and meta-analyses are within scope.