Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for Glucose Sensing: Advancing Non-Invasive Detection Strategies in Diabetes Management

Abstract

Effective glucose monitoring is critical for managing diabetes and preventing its associated complications. While commercial glucose monitoring devices predominantly rely on blood samples, emerging research focuses on detecting glucose in alternative biofluids, harnessing advanced nanomaterials. Among these, Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), composed of metal ions and organic ligands, have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties, including tunable porosity, high surface area, and abundant active sites conducive to glucose interaction. MOFs present a versatile platform for glucose sensing, offering potential in both enzymatic and non-enzymatic detection methods. This review delves into the recent advancements in MOFs-based electrochemical glucose sensors, providing a comprehensive analysis of various MOFs and their composites as electrode materials. The discussion highlights the structural attributes, functionalization strategies, and electrochemical performance of MOFs in glucose sensing, emphasizing their role in the development of next-generation, non-invasive glucose monitoring technologies. The review provides a comprehensive overview on the application of MOFs and MOFs-based composites in both enzymatic and non-enzymatic electrochemical-based glucose sensing and highlights the synthesis, mechanism, functionalization and development in the detection strategy of MOFs in glucose sensing.