Thermomechanical properties and microstructure of concrete made with recycled concrete aggregates after exposure to high temperatures

Abstract

Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) in concrete has emerged as a promising solution to produce concrete with reduced environmental impact and adequate performance. However, a deeper understanding of the thermal and mechanical behavior of concrete made with RCA is still needed for further application in real structures. The present paper addresses one of the crucial issues for structural concrete: its behavior after exposure to high temperature. Four concrete mixes are studied: a reference concrete made with natural aggregates (NA), two concretes including 40% and 100% of coarse RCA as a direct replacement (DR) for coarse NA, and a concrete made with 100% of coarse RCA relying on a strength-based replacement (SBR). The SBR concrete mix was designed to achieve the same performance (28 days compressive strength and slump) as the reference concrete. All specimens were exposed to temperatures of 200, 400, and 600°C. After cooling, samples were evaluated for residual mass loss, thermal, and mechanical properties. Microstructural quantitative analyses were conducted over several square millimeters to show that interfaces between the old and new cement pastes, peculiar to concrete made with RCA, do not further promote fracture development. The results show that after exposure to high temperatures, the thermal and mechanical performances of concrete made with RCA are reduced in the same manner and extent as in concrete made with NA. When the RCA-based concrete is designed to achieve similar performance as concrete with NA at room temperature (SBR), the residual thermomechanical behavior is similar between both concretes.