Exploring Vaccine Hesitancy Levels Among Turkish Parents in 2024 After Pandemic; Key Influencing Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Zehra Kılınç, Songül Beycur Işık
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the level of vaccine hesitancy and related factors regarding childhood vaccines among parents with children under 5 years of age receiving services from a health center in Turkey.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with parents with children under 5 years of age who applied to a primary care family health center in Diyarbakır province between 1 November and 1 December 2023. The number of children under 5 years of age registered at the family health center was approximately 800, and the minimum sample size was calculated as 219 using the Open Epi program with a 13% vaccine hesitancy frequency, 99% confidence interval, and 80% power. A total of 214 parents who had no communication problems and voluntarily agreed to participate were included in the study. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a data form including demographic information of parents and their children, vaccination knowledge, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vaccination attitudes, and the Parents’ Attitudes Toward Childhood Vaccines Scale (PACV) Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 24.0).

Findings: The mean age of the participants was 32.2 ± 5.9 years, 73.4% were mothers, 70.1% and 62.6% of their spouses had high school education or less, and 60.7% were not employed. A total of 65.9% of the parents were at the middle-income level and 76.6% stated that they had sufficient knowledge about child vaccines. They mostly received vaccine information from family health center nurses or physicians (84.1%). The vaccine hesitation rate was 16.8% and the PACV Scale’s mean score was 34.38 ± 15.60. No significant difference was found between the hesitation levels of the parents. While the rate of hesitation was 36.1% in parents with sufficient knowledge about vaccination, this rate was 63.9% in those with insufficient knowledge, and this difference was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.01). In addition, vaccine hesitancy was found to be higher in parents who did not have a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the vaccination decision. Parents with university and higher education level had higher and statistically significant safety-effectiveness scale subdimension scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: In this study, vaccine hesitation was found in 16.8% of the parents and the level of hesitation was found to be associated with knowledge and education levels. The hesitation rate was found to be lower in parents who had sufficient knowledge about childhood vaccines. The higher hesitation levels of parents who reported that the pandemic did not negatively affect their vaccination decisions suggest the effect of social and psychological factors. The findings emphasize the importance of education and awareness-raising activities for parents to reduce vaccine hesitancy.

大流行后2024年土耳其父母的疫苗犹豫水平研究主要影响因素:横断面研究
目的:本研究旨在评估在土耳其一家卫生中心接受服务的5岁以下儿童的父母对儿童疫苗的犹豫程度和相关因素。材料和方法:本横断面研究是在2023年11月1日至12月1日期间在Diyarbakır省初级保健家庭保健中心申请的5岁以下儿童的父母中进行的。在家庭保健中心登记的5岁以下儿童人数约为800人,使用开放Epi计划计算的最小样本量为219人,疫苗犹豫频率为13%,置信区间为99%,功率为80%。共有214名没有沟通问题并自愿同意参与研究的家长参与了这项研究。采用面对面访谈的方式收集数据,使用的数据表格包括父母及其子女的人口统计信息、疫苗接种知识、COVID-19大流行对疫苗接种态度的影响以及父母对儿童疫苗态度量表(PACV)。数据分析采用SPSS (Version 24.0)软件。研究结果:参与者平均年龄为32.2±5.9岁,73.4%为母亲,70.1%和62.6%的配偶为高中及以下学历,60.7%的人没有工作。65.9%的家长处于中等收入水平,76.6%的家长表示他们对儿童疫苗有足够的了解。疫苗信息主要来自家庭保健中心护士或医生(84.1%)。疫苗犹豫率为16.8%,PACV量表平均得分为34.38±15.60。父母之间的犹豫水平无显著差异。接种知识充足的家长犹豫率为36.1%,接种知识不足的家长犹豫率为63.9%,差异有统计学意义(p = 0.01)。此外,在COVID-19大流行对疫苗接种决策没有负面影响的父母中,疫苗犹豫率更高。大学及高学历家长的安全-有效性量表子维度得分较高,且具有统计学意义(p <;0.001)。结论:本研究中,16.8%的家长存在疫苗犹豫,犹豫程度与知识和教育水平有关。研究发现,对儿童疫苗有充分了解的父母的犹豫率较低。报告大流行并未对其疫苗接种决定产生负面影响的父母的犹豫程度较高,这表明社会和心理因素的影响。研究结果强调了教育和提高认识活动对家长减少疫苗犹豫的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
274
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: IJCP is a general medical journal. IJCP gives special priority to work that has international appeal. IJCP publishes: Editorials. IJCP Editorials are commissioned. [Peer reviewed at the editor''s discretion] Perspectives. Most IJCP Perspectives are commissioned. Example. [Peer reviewed at the editor''s discretion] Study design and interpretation. Example. [Always peer reviewed] Original data from clinical investigations. In particular: Primary research papers from RCTs, observational studies, epidemiological studies; pre-specified sub-analyses; pooled analyses. [Always peer reviewed] Meta-analyses. [Always peer reviewed] Systematic reviews. From October 2009, special priority will be given to systematic reviews. [Always peer reviewed] Non-systematic/narrative reviews. From October 2009, reviews that are not systematic will be considered only if they include a discrete Methods section that must explicitly describe the authors'' approach. Special priority will, however, be given to systematic reviews. [Always peer reviewed] ''How to…'' papers. Example. [Always peer reviewed] Consensus statements. [Always peer reviewed] Short reports. [Always peer reviewed] Letters. [Peer reviewed at the editor''s discretion] International scope IJCP publishes work from investigators globally. Around 30% of IJCP articles list an author from the UK. Around 30% of IJCP articles list an author from the USA or Canada. Around 45% of IJCP articles list an author from a European country that is not the UK. Around 15% of articles published in IJCP list an author from a country in the Asia-Pacific region.
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