Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan-Based Hydrogels Grafted Polyimidazolium as Nitrate Ion Adsorbent from Water and Investigating Biological Properties

IF 4.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
S. Mojtaba Amininasab, Sara Adim, Sara Abdolmaleki, Bita Soleimani, Marjan Hassanzadeh
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this study, a chitosan-based polymer composite hydrogel grafted with polyimidazolium was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for nitrate removal from water. The synthesis began with the preparation of a dinitro compound, followed by the synthesis of a diamine monomer, which was then conjugated with chitosan in the presence of glyoxal and formaldehyde to form the final composite. The chemical structure of the synthetic monomers and the composite was characterized using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, FE-SEM, EDX, and TGA analyses. The concentration of nitrate ions in aqueous solutions was quantified using a spectrophotometer at wavelengths of 220 nm and 275 nm. Various operational parameters, including pH, contact time, initial nitrate ion concentration, and adsorbent dosage, were optimized to maximize nitrate removal efficiency. At an initial nitrate concentration of 70 mg/L, a pH of 7, an adsorbent dosage of 40 mg, and a contact time of 40 min, the synthesized composite exhibited a maximum removal efficiency of 97.75% and an adsorption capacity of 85.53 mg/g. The selectivity of the composite for nitrate ions in the presence of competing ions such as sulfate, bicarbonate, chloride, and phosphate was also evaluated. The presence of competing ions reduced nitrate removal, with bicarbonate having the most significant inhibitory effect and phosphate the least. The adsorption kinetics was best described by a Pseudo-second-order model, while the equilibrium data conformed to the Langmuir isotherm model. The PCH reusability was checked by an adsorption/desorption experiment, and the results showed acceptable constant loading efficiency after five reuse cycles. In addition to the adsorption studies, the composite’s anti-cancer properties were assessed. Cytotoxicity tests were conducted in vitro against three cancer cell lines: A431 (skin carcinoma), HT29 (colorectal cancer), and MCF7 (breast cancer), using cisplatin as a reference standard. The results demonstrated a potent anti-cancer effect against the MCF7 cell line, with an IC50 value of 4.80 µM. Furthermore, the composite included a collapse in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in MCF7 cells, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent.

Graphical abstract

壳聚糖接枝聚咪唑水凝胶的合成、表征及生物学性能研究
本研究合成了一种接枝聚咪唑的壳聚糖基聚合物复合水凝胶,并对其作为水中硝酸盐的吸附剂进行了评价。合成首先制备二硝基化合物,然后合成二胺单体,然后在乙二醛和甲醛存在下与壳聚糖偶联,形成最终的复合物。利用FT-IR、1H-NMR、FE-SEM、EDX和TGA等分析手段对合成单体和复合材料的化学结构进行了表征。用分光光度计在220 nm和275 nm波长处定量测定水溶液中硝酸盐离子的浓度。对pH、接触时间、初始硝酸盐离子浓度、吸附剂投加量等操作参数进行了优化,以达到最大的硝酸盐去除效果。在初始硝酸盐浓度为70 mg/L、pH为7、吸附剂用量为40 mg、接触时间为40 min的条件下,合成的复合材料的最大去除率为97.75%,吸附量为85.53 mg/g。在硫酸盐、碳酸氢盐、氯化物和磷酸盐等竞争离子存在的情况下,该复合材料对硝酸盐离子的选择性也进行了评估。竞争离子的存在降低了硝酸盐的去除,其中碳酸氢盐的抑制作用最显著,磷酸盐的抑制作用最小。吸附动力学用拟二阶模型最好地描述,而平衡数据符合Langmuir等温模型。通过吸附/解吸实验验证了PCH的可重复使用性,结果表明,经过5次重复使用后,PCH的恒载效率可以接受。除了吸附研究外,还对复合材料的抗癌性能进行了评估。以顺铂为参比标准,对A431(皮肤癌)、HT29(结直肠癌)和MCF7(乳腺癌)三种癌细胞系进行体外细胞毒性试验。结果表明,其对MCF7细胞系具有较强的抗癌作用,IC50值为4.80µM。此外,该复合物包括MCF7细胞线粒体膜电位(MMP)的崩溃,突出了其作为治疗剂的潜力。图形抽象
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来源期刊
Journal of Polymers and the Environment
Journal of Polymers and the Environment 工程技术-高分子科学
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
7.50%
发文量
297
审稿时长
9 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Polymers and the Environment fills the need for an international forum in this diverse and rapidly expanding field. The journal serves a crucial role for the publication of information from a wide range of disciplines and is a central outlet for the publication of high-quality peer-reviewed original papers, review articles and short communications. The journal is intentionally interdisciplinary in regard to contributions and covers the following subjects - polymers, environmentally degradable polymers, and degradation pathways: biological, photochemical, oxidative and hydrolytic; new environmental materials: derived by chemical and biosynthetic routes; environmental blends and composites; developments in processing and reactive processing of environmental polymers; characterization of environmental materials: mechanical, physical, thermal, rheological, morphological, and others; recyclable polymers and plastics recycling environmental testing: in-laboratory simulations, outdoor exposures, and standardization of methodologies; environmental fate: end products and intermediates of biodegradation; microbiology and enzymology of polymer biodegradation; solid-waste management and public legislation specific to environmental polymers; and other related topics.
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