Revolutionizing energy: converting CO2 into methanol using flue gases from natural gas combined cycle power plants

Abstract

Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies are crucial for reducing CO₂ emissions from power plants and promoting environmental sustainability. This study focuses on the Besmaya Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) power plant in Baghdad, Iraq, using Aspen Plus software to simulate plant operation and establish a baseline. A post-carbon capture strategy is then implemented, converting CO₂ from flue gases into methanol through catalytic conversion with H₂. Methanol has diverse applications in industries such as pharmaceuticals, plastics, and agriculture, making it valuable for CCU processes. H₂ for the conversion is produced using a solar-water splitter, utilizing the condensate from the power plant's steam turbine system. Solar potential at Baghdad coordinates is assessed using the System Advisory Model (SAM). This research demonstrates the importance of CO₂ capture and methanol production in improving the environmental profile of NGCC power plants. Integrating solar-driven processes reduces greenhouse gas emissions and yields valuable products, contributing to a more sustainable energy paradigm. The NGCC plant emitted 2 119 318 tons of CO₂ annually without solar-assisted CO₂-to-methanol conversion. Combining this process with solar assistance reduced emissions by an astounding 99%, to just 16 069 tonnes per year. These findings highlight the feasibility and benefits of integrated approaches, advancing efficient and environmentally conscious energy systems.