Synthesis and characterization of chemically functionalized novel smart guar gum xanthate based hydrogel: Swelling, isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamic and reusability studies
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of chemically functionalized novel smart guar gum xanthate based hydrogel: Swelling, isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamic and reusability studies","authors":"Arbind Chaurasiya , Poorn Prakash Pande , Ravi Shankar , Prateek Khare , Praveen Kumar , Navneet Kumar Yadav , Kajal Kumar Dey","doi":"10.1016/j.jpcs.2025.112584","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The eco-friendly smart guar gum xanthate-based hydrogel (GGmXHs hydrogel) has been synthesized using a free radical polymerization process via grafting of two monomers <em>viz.,</em> acrylamide and acrylic acid on guar gum xanthate (GGmX) using KPS as an initiator and taking MBA as the crosslinker. Numerous analytical techniques <em>viz.,</em> UV, FTIR, GPC, TGA, SEM, XRD, and EDAX analysis have been used to characterize the synthesized GGmXHs hydrogel. The synthesized GGmXHs hydrogel has been utilized to eliminate the Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions from aqueous solutions. The optimal removal percentage has been found to be 91.4, 95.1 and 98.0 for Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions respectively. In addition, the swelling of GGmXHs hydrogel was obtained to be 313.6, 436.1 and 483.4 g/g and % WRR has been found to be 67.64, 74.34 and 81.28 % in grey, tap and distilled water, at optimized conditions. The Langmuir isotherm has been studied as most fitted with adsorption capacity of 420.16, 448.43 & 471.69 mg/g for Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions respectively. The kinetic studies for the adsorption mechanism suggest pseudo-first order kinetic model with rate constant of −3.9 × 10<sup>−2</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> for Ni<sup>2+</sup>, −4.8 × 10<sup>−2</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> for Co<sup>2+</sup>, and −6.7 × 10<sup>−2</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> for Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions. The reusability of GGmXHs hydrogel has been studied fourth times and the desorption efficiency has been found to be 88.82, 91.38 and 95.01 % for Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions respectively. Finally, GGmXHs hydrogel emerges as an economical adsorbent that is efficient to clean heavy metal ions (HMIs) from wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 112584"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022369725000356","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The eco-friendly smart guar gum xanthate-based hydrogel (GGmXHs hydrogel) has been synthesized using a free radical polymerization process via grafting of two monomers viz., acrylamide and acrylic acid on guar gum xanthate (GGmX) using KPS as an initiator and taking MBA as the crosslinker. Numerous analytical techniques viz., UV, FTIR, GPC, TGA, SEM, XRD, and EDAX analysis have been used to characterize the synthesized GGmXHs hydrogel. The synthesized GGmXHs hydrogel has been utilized to eliminate the Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions. The optimal removal percentage has been found to be 91.4, 95.1 and 98.0 for Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+ ions respectively. In addition, the swelling of GGmXHs hydrogel was obtained to be 313.6, 436.1 and 483.4 g/g and % WRR has been found to be 67.64, 74.34 and 81.28 % in grey, tap and distilled water, at optimized conditions. The Langmuir isotherm has been studied as most fitted with adsorption capacity of 420.16, 448.43 & 471.69 mg/g for Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+ ions respectively. The kinetic studies for the adsorption mechanism suggest pseudo-first order kinetic model with rate constant of −3.9 × 10−2 min−1 for Ni2+, −4.8 × 10−2 min−1 for Co2+, and −6.7 × 10−2 min−1 for Cu2+ ions. The reusability of GGmXHs hydrogel has been studied fourth times and the desorption efficiency has been found to be 88.82, 91.38 and 95.01 % for Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+ ions respectively. Finally, GGmXHs hydrogel emerges as an economical adsorbent that is efficient to clean heavy metal ions (HMIs) from wastewater.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids is a well-established international medium for publication of archival research in condensed matter and materials sciences. Areas of interest broadly include experimental and theoretical research on electronic, magnetic, spectroscopic and structural properties as well as the statistical mechanics and thermodynamics of materials. The focus is on gaining physical and chemical insight into the properties and potential applications of condensed matter systems.
Within the broad scope of the journal, beyond regular contributions, the editors have identified submissions in the following areas of physics and chemistry of solids to be of special current interest to the journal:
Low-dimensional systems
Exotic states of quantum electron matter including topological phases
Energy conversion and storage
Interfaces, nanoparticles and catalysts.