Determinants of acute malnutrition among 6 to 59-months children in public health facilities

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.004

Abdilahi Ibrahim Muse, Mohamed Omar Osman, Ahmed Mohammed Ibrahim

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Acute malnutrition is a nutritional insufficiency resulting from either inadequate energy or protein intake. It is categorized into severe acute malnutrition and moderate acute malnutrition. Globally, acute malnutrition is still a prevalent public health issue.

Objective

To identify determinants of acute malnutrition among 6 to 59-month-old children in public health facilities.

Methods and materials

A hospital-based, unmatched case-control study was conducted from 1^st March to 30^th April 2023. Three hundred ninety (130 cases and 260 controls) participants were included in the study. Data was collected using pretested, semi-structured questionnaires by using Kobo Collect. The analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Both bi-variable and multivariable logistic regressions were done. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed to determine levels of significance. All variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were declared as determinants of acute malnutrition.

Results

In this study, estimated average family income, 1001–5000 Ethiopian birr (AOR=3.32, 95%CI=1.27, 8.72), 5001–10000 Ethiopian birr (AOR=3.82, 95%CI=1.56, 9.36), family size ≥5 (AOR=2.33, 95%CI=1.33, 4.084), private employee (AOR=4.62, 95%CI=2.18, 9.76), government employee (AOR=3.77, 95%CI=1.69, 8.42), non-governmental organization employee (AOR= 17.14, 95%CI=2.53, 16.27), food insecurity (AOR=1.46, 95%CI=1.08,1.97), bottle-feeding (AOR=2.64, 95%CI=1.22,5.68), and lack of latrines (AOR=3.30, 95%CI=1.04, 10.49) were identified as determinants of acute malnutrition.

Conclusion

Estimated average family income, family size, lack of latrine, maternal or caregiver occupation, food security status, and bottle feeding were all predictors of acute malnutrition in this study. Promoting exclusive breastfeeding, raising awareness about the health issues of bottle-feeding and open defecation, improving access to clean water and sanitation, strengthening healthcare systems, and encouraging collaboration among agencies can effectively address acute malnutrition.

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公共卫生设施中6至59个月儿童急性营养不良的决定因素

背景：急性营养不良是由能量或蛋白质摄入不足引起的营养不足。它分为严重急性营养不良和中度急性营养不良。在全球范围内，急性营养不良仍然是一个普遍存在的公共卫生问题。目的确定公共卫生机构中6 - 59月龄儿童急性营养不良的决定因素。方法与材料于2023年3月1日至4月30日进行了一项以医院为基础的非匹配病例对照研究。该研究包括390名参与者（130名病例和260名对照）。数据收集采用预测试，半结构化问卷调查由Kobo收集。使用SPSS version 20进行分析。进行了双变量和多变量logistic回归。计算具有95%置信区间的校正优势比以确定显著性水平。所有p值小于0.05的变量被宣布为急性营养不良的决定因素。结果本研究估计平均家庭收入为1001-5000埃塞比尔（AOR=3.32, 95%CI=1.27, 8.72）， 5001-10000埃塞比尔（AOR=3.82, 95%CI=1.56, 9.36），家庭人口≥5人（AOR=2.33, 95%CI=1.33, 4.084），私营雇员（AOR=4.62, 95%CI=2.18, 9.76），政府雇员（AOR=3.77, 95%CI=1.69, 8.42），非政府组织雇员（AOR= 17.14, 95%CI=2.53, 16.27），粮食不安全（AOR=1.46, 95%CI=1.08,1.97），奶瓶喂养（AOR=2.64, 95%CI=1.22,5.68），和缺乏厕所（AOR=3.30, 95%CI=1.04, 10.49）被确定为急性营养不良的决定因素。结论家庭平均收入、家庭规模、缺乏厕所、母亲或照顾者的职业、食品安全状况和奶瓶喂养都是本研究中急性营养不良的预测因素。促进纯母乳喂养，提高对奶瓶喂养和露天排便的健康问题的认识，改善获得清洁水和卫生设施的机会，加强卫生保健系统，并鼓励各机构之间的合作，可有效解决急性营养不良问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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