Performance optimization of lead-free KGeCl3 based perovskite solar cells using SCAPS-1D

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.solener.2025.113253

Rahul Kundara, Sarita Baghel

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The commercial application of lead-based Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) is restrained by their toxicity. In this work, we have investigated KGeCl₃ which is a potential candidate for non-lead PSC. SCAPS-1D software is employed to examine the impact of distinct Hole Transport Layers (HTLs), absorber layer and Electron Transport Layers (ETLs) to maximize the device performance. The effect of absorber layer thickness, its acceptor and donor concentration (N_A and N_D) have been analyzed. We have obtained a maximum efficiency of 29.82 % with open circuit voltage (V_OC) = 1.19 V, short circuit current density (J_SC) = 30.08 mA/cm², and fill factor (FF) = 82.74 % for the configuration of FTO/WS₂/KGeCl₃/PEDOT: PSS/Au at radiative recombination coefficient of 10^-12 cm³/sec, operating temperature of 300 K and defect density of 10¹⁵ cm⁻³. The optimized thickness of the absorber layer is 600 nm. Thus, the investigation suggests that WS₂ as ETL and PEDOT: PSS as HTL is most suitable for the Ge-based PSC. Hence, this configuration is most suitable to manufacture highly efficient PSC devices.

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来源期刊

Solar Energy 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

13.90

自引率

9.00%

发文量

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Solar Energy welcomes manuscripts presenting information not previously published in journals on any aspect of solar energy research, development, application, measurement or policy. The term "solar energy" in this context includes the indirect uses such as wind energy and biomass