Thermoprocessing Biopolymers and Bio-Waste-Based Materials

Abstract

This perspective provides an overview of glycerol–water aided thermoprocessing of biopolymers, showing that despite the inherent complexity, strong molecular interactions, and degradation sensitivity of biopolymers, they can be successfully thermoprocessed using industrial methods traditionally reserved for fossil-based thermoplastics. The findings extend to composites incorporating these biopolymers with bio-waste fillers, as well as to bio-waste itself, from which biopolymers are typically extracted. While the concept has been validated for commonly studied biopolymers such as starch, gluten, and soy, the perspective emphasizes the need for further research on other biopolymers, particularly those known for their film-forming properties via solvent casting. Lastly, the challenges that must be overcome to achieve commercial viability for thermoprocessed biopolymers are discussed, highlighting areas for future investigation and development.