A retrospective cohort study on COVID-19 reinfections and associated factors during six waves of the pandemic in Mexico

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103162

Iván de Jesús Ascencio-Montiel , Susana Isabel Suárez-Domínguez , Ramón Alberto Rascón-Pacheco , Alejandro Alonso-Molina , Gerardo Chowell , Célida Duque-Molina , Víctor Hugo Borja-Aburto

{"title":"A retrospective cohort study on COVID-19 reinfections and associated factors during six waves of the pandemic in Mexico","authors":"Iván de Jesús Ascencio-Montiel , Susana Isabel Suárez-Domínguez , Ramón Alberto Rascón-Pacheco , Alejandro Alonso-Molina , Gerardo Chowell , Célida Duque-Molina , Víctor Hugo Borja-Aburto","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103162","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Monitoring reinfections helps predict peaks, variant emergence, and immunity trends. While reinfection rates between 3 and 31 % have been reported, a better understanding of their variation in different geographical areas could guide prevention and vaccination efforts.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study examines the incidence of COVID-19 reinfection and associated factors in Mexico over six pandemic waves. Rapid mutation of SARS-CoV-2 generates variants that affect reinfection rates and population immunity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective cohort study, data from 3,236,259 primary infections were analyzed, and 212,892 reinfections were identified.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sex, age, vaccination status, and initial infection severity were found to be significant predictors of reinfection. Furthermore, the risk of reinfection decreased with wave progression, especially for those infected during the first wave. Reduced risk of reinfection after hospitalization suggests improved exposure prevention. Results indicated increased reinfection rates during the Omicron wave, particularly for those who were originally infected during the first wave, with women and middle-aged groups at higher risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results highlight the intricate relationship between viral evolution, immunity, and demographics, which is crucial for effective pandemic management and vaccination strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 4","pages":"Article 103162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Archives of Medical Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0188440924002066","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Monitoring reinfections helps predict peaks, variant emergence, and immunity trends. While reinfection rates between 3 and 31 % have been reported, a better understanding of their variation in different geographical areas could guide prevention and vaccination efforts.

Aims

This study examines the incidence of COVID-19 reinfection and associated factors in Mexico over six pandemic waves. Rapid mutation of SARS-CoV-2 generates variants that affect reinfection rates and population immunity.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, data from 3,236,259 primary infections were analyzed, and 212,892 reinfections were identified.

Results

Sex, age, vaccination status, and initial infection severity were found to be significant predictors of reinfection. Furthermore, the risk of reinfection decreased with wave progression, especially for those infected during the first wave. Reduced risk of reinfection after hospitalization suggests improved exposure prevention. Results indicated increased reinfection rates during the Omicron wave, particularly for those who were originally infected during the first wave, with women and middle-aged groups at higher risk.

Conclusions

Our results highlight the intricate relationship between viral evolution, immunity, and demographics, which is crucial for effective pandemic management and vaccination strategies.

查看原文本刊更多论文

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Archives of Medical Research 医学-医学：研究与实验

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Archives of Medical Research serves as a platform for publishing original peer-reviewed medical research, aiming to bridge gaps created by medical specialization. The journal covers three main categories - biomedical, clinical, and epidemiological contributions, along with review articles and preliminary communications. With an international scope, it presents the study of diseases from diverse perspectives, offering the medical community original investigations ranging from molecular biology to clinical epidemiology in a single publication.