Beyond the Narrowness of Disciplinary Borders: Biology and the Unconscious in Ferenczi's Thalassa-Primordial Phylogenetic Trauma and its Recapitulation in Ontogenesis.
Raffaele De Luca Picione, Angelo Maria De Fortuna, Giuseppina Marsico
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this article, we present and discuss the essay Thalassa: A Theory of Genitality (1924) by Sándor Ferenczi, a pioneer and one of the greatest innovators of psychoanalysis. This essay-which Freud lauded as the most ingenious application of psychoanalysis-proposed a theory that can bridge the gap between the ontogenetic and phylogenetic development of genitality and the sexual act. Ferenczi speculatively elaborated a theory of genital development that connects two important Freudian works, namely Three Essays on Sexual Development (1905) and Beyond the Pleasure Principle (1920), with Haeckel's Fundamental Biogenetic Law, which discusses the recapitulation of phylogenesis in ontogenetic development. According to Ferenczi, coitus and sexual relations are driven by the desire to return to the mother's body, a desire that hearkens back to a period in evolution when life was entirely aquatic and life forms were ocean-dwelling. It has been claimed that the environmental catastrophes of sea recession and land emergence have had traumatic effects on animals' living conditions (resulting in the development of sexual differences) and genitality. Although the essay presented some fanciful, suggestive, and dubious theories, it remains relevant due to its epistemological and methodological implications, which are based on an utraquistic argumentative procedure (i.e., founded on the constant comparison of and recourse to isomorphisms and analogies among various disciplines, including biology, embryology, zoology, and psychoanalysis), laying the foundation for a method of bioanalysis.
在这篇文章中，我们提出并讨论了Sándor Ferenczi的文章Thalassa: A Theory of genality(1924)，他是精神分析学的先驱和最伟大的创新者之一。这篇文章被弗洛伊德称赞为精神分析最巧妙的应用，它提出了一个理论，可以弥合性器官和性行为的个体发育和系统发育之间的差距。费伦齐思探性地阐述了一种生殖发育理论，将弗洛伊德的两部重要著作——《性发展三论》（1905）和《超越快乐原则》（1920）——与海克尔的《基本生物遗传法则》（basic Biogenetic Law）联系起来，后者讨论了个体发育过程中系统发育的重述。根据Ferenczi的说法，性交和性关系是由回到母亲身体的欲望驱动的，这种欲望可以追溯到生物进化的一个时期，当时生命完全是水生的，生命形式是海洋居住的。有人声称，海洋衰退和陆地出现的环境灾难对动物的生活条件（导致性别差异的发展）和生殖器产生了创伤性影响。尽管这篇文章提出了一些幻想的、暗示性的和可疑的理论，但由于它的认识论和方法论意义，它仍然是相关的，这是基于一个独特的论证过程（即，建立在不断比较和求助于各种学科之间的同构和类比，包括生物学、胚胎学、动物学和精神分析学），为生物分析方法奠定了基础。
期刊介绍：
IPBS: Integrative Psychological & Behavioral Science is an international interdisciplinary journal dedicated to the advancement of basic knowledge in the social and behavioral sciences. IPBS covers such topics as cultural nature of human conduct and its evolutionary history, anthropology, ethology, communication processes between people, and within-- as well as between-- societies. A special focus will be given to integration of perspectives of the social and biological sciences through theoretical models of epigenesis. It contains articles pertaining to theoretical integration of ideas, epistemology of social and biological sciences, and original empirical research articles of general scientific value. History of the social sciences is covered by IPBS in cases relevant for further development of theoretical perspectives and empirical elaborations within the social and biological sciences. IPBS has the goal of integrating knowledge from different areas into a new synthesis of universal social science—overcoming the post-modernist fragmentation of ideas of recent decades.
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