Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus versus influenza among adult patients in acute care hospitals

IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Prevention in Practice Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI:10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100431

Raija Auvinen , Kaisa Huotari , Hanna Nohynek , Ritva K. Syrjänen , Kirsi Skogberg

{"title":"Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus versus influenza among adult patients in acute care hospitals","authors":"Raija Auvinen , Kaisa Huotari , Hanna Nohynek , Ritva K. Syrjänen , Kirsi Skogberg","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100431","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While nosocomial influenza is common, the risk of transmission in acute care remains unclear in the absence of systematic surveillance. Even less is known about the risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) among immunocompetent adults.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To compare the proportions and incidences of nosocomial cases caused by these two similar respiratory infections among hospitalized adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study was conducted at two tertiary care hospitals in Southern Finland. Data on all hospitalized adult patients with a positive RSV or influenza test during 2016–22 were used to detect all nosocomial and community-acquired RSV and influenza cases. The proportion of nosocomial cases of all hospitalized cases was calculated. The incidences of nosocomial cases per 1000 bed-days were calculated by season and ward type for the five seasons before the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nosocomial RSV and influenza occurred in 2.8% and 8.1% of all hospitalized adult patients with a laboratory-confirmed infection. Over five seasons, 2016–20, the total incidences of nosocomial RSV and influenza cases per 1000 bed-days were 0.027 (95% confidence interval: 0.013, 0.050) and 0.32 (0.27, 0.39). Nosocomial RSV infections were especially poorly recorded with a virus-specific ICD-10 diagnosis code listed for only 16.7% of RSV and 59.8% of nosocomial influenza patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite preventive measures, the incidence of nosocomial influenza was more than tenfold, and the proportion of nosocomial cases was almost threefold compared with RSV among hospitalized adults in acute care. Prevention and surveillance of both nosocomial influenza and RSV should be improved also among immunocompetent adult patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"7 1","pages":"Article 100431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11782808/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Infection Prevention in Practice","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000957","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

While nosocomial influenza is common, the risk of transmission in acute care remains unclear in the absence of systematic surveillance. Even less is known about the risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) among immunocompetent adults.

Aim

To compare the proportions and incidences of nosocomial cases caused by these two similar respiratory infections among hospitalized adults.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted at two tertiary care hospitals in Southern Finland. Data on all hospitalized adult patients with a positive RSV or influenza test during 2016–22 were used to detect all nosocomial and community-acquired RSV and influenza cases. The proportion of nosocomial cases of all hospitalized cases was calculated. The incidences of nosocomial cases per 1000 bed-days were calculated by season and ward type for the five seasons before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results

Nosocomial RSV and influenza occurred in 2.8% and 8.1% of all hospitalized adult patients with a laboratory-confirmed infection. Over five seasons, 2016–20, the total incidences of nosocomial RSV and influenza cases per 1000 bed-days were 0.027 (95% confidence interval: 0.013, 0.050) and 0.32 (0.27, 0.39). Nosocomial RSV infections were especially poorly recorded with a virus-specific ICD-10 diagnosis code listed for only 16.7% of RSV and 59.8% of nosocomial influenza patients.

Conclusion

Despite preventive measures, the incidence of nosocomial influenza was more than tenfold, and the proportion of nosocomial cases was almost threefold compared with RSV among hospitalized adults in acute care. Prevention and surveillance of both nosocomial influenza and RSV should be improved also among immunocompetent adult patients.

查看原文本刊更多论文

急性护理医院成人患者院内呼吸道合胞病毒与流感的风险

背景：虽然医院源性流感很常见，但在缺乏系统监测的情况下，急性护理中传播的风险仍不清楚。在免疫功能正常的成年人中，医院感染呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）的风险就更少了。目的：比较两种相似呼吸道感染在住院成人中的比例和发病率。方法：在芬兰南部的两所三级医院进行回顾性研究。使用2016-22年期间所有RSV或流感检测阳性的住院成年患者的数据来检测所有医院和社区获得性RSV和流感病例。计算院内病例占所有住院病例的比例。按季节和病区类型计算疫情前5个季节的每1000个床位日住院病例数。结果：医院感染的呼吸道合胞病毒和流感发生率分别为2.8%和8.1%。2016- 2020年5个季节，医院内RSV和流感病例的总发病率分别为0.027（95%可信区间分别为0.013、0.050）和0.32（95%可信区间分别为0.27、0.39）。医院内RSV感染的记录尤其少，仅16.7%的RSV和59.8%的医院内流感患者有病毒特异性的ICD-10诊断代码。结论：尽管采取了预防措施，但医院源性流感的发生率仍在10倍以上，在急诊科住院成人中，医院源性流感病例的比例几乎是呼吸道合胞病毒的3倍。在免疫功能正常的成人患者中，应加强对医院流行性感冒和呼吸道合胞病毒的预防和监测。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊