Jinxin Meng, Yuwen He, Nan Li, Zhenxing Yang, Si Fu, Dongmei Wang, Aiguo Xin, Jinglin Wang, Guodong Liang
{"title":"Akabane virus isolated from biting midges and its infection in local domestic animal, Yunnan, China: a field and laboratory investigation.","authors":"Jinxin Meng, Yuwen He, Nan Li, Zhenxing Yang, Si Fu, Dongmei Wang, Aiguo Xin, Jinglin Wang, Guodong Liang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1434045","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We verified that Akabane virus (AKAV) is transmitted through biting midges and infects local domestic animals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2013, viruses were isolate from biting midges in Yunnan, China, using BHK-21 and C6/36 cells. Two AKAV strains (No. 52 and 55) that induced cytopathogenic effects (CPE) in BHK-21, MDBK, and Vero cells were characterized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The complete genomic sequence of both viruses consisted three RNA segments (S, M, and L). The S segment (856 nucleotides) encoded a 233-amino-acid nucleocapsid protein and a 91-amino-acid nonstructural protein, while the M segment (4309 nucleotides) encoded a 1401-amino-acid polyprotein. The L segment (6869 nucleotides) encoded a 2511-amino-acid RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that specimen Nos. 52 and 55 clustered with AKAV genotype Ia viruses isolated from Asia. The AKAV strain (55) neutralizing antibody exhibited a total positive rate of 43.55% (202/466) against serum samples from cattle and goats collected in Yunnan Province. Specifically, the positive rates were 48.77% (139/285) for cattle and 34.81% (63/181) for goats. Neutralizing antibody titers in cattle (1:32-1:128) were higher than those in goats (1:4-1:16).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study represents the first isolation of AKAV from biting midges in China, along with the detection of high neutralizing antibody titers against AKAV in the serum samples of local cattle and goats. These findings suggested that biting midges are involved in AKAV transmission among domestic animals in Yunnan Province, China.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1434045"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783144/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1434045","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: We verified that Akabane virus (AKAV) is transmitted through biting midges and infects local domestic animals.
Methods: In 2013, viruses were isolate from biting midges in Yunnan, China, using BHK-21 and C6/36 cells. Two AKAV strains (No. 52 and 55) that induced cytopathogenic effects (CPE) in BHK-21, MDBK, and Vero cells were characterized.
Results: The complete genomic sequence of both viruses consisted three RNA segments (S, M, and L). The S segment (856 nucleotides) encoded a 233-amino-acid nucleocapsid protein and a 91-amino-acid nonstructural protein, while the M segment (4309 nucleotides) encoded a 1401-amino-acid polyprotein. The L segment (6869 nucleotides) encoded a 2511-amino-acid RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that specimen Nos. 52 and 55 clustered with AKAV genotype Ia viruses isolated from Asia. The AKAV strain (55) neutralizing antibody exhibited a total positive rate of 43.55% (202/466) against serum samples from cattle and goats collected in Yunnan Province. Specifically, the positive rates were 48.77% (139/285) for cattle and 34.81% (63/181) for goats. Neutralizing antibody titers in cattle (1:32-1:128) were higher than those in goats (1:4-1:16).
Discussion: This study represents the first isolation of AKAV from biting midges in China, along with the detection of high neutralizing antibody titers against AKAV in the serum samples of local cattle and goats. These findings suggested that biting midges are involved in AKAV transmission among domestic animals in Yunnan Province, China.
期刊介绍：
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology is a leading specialty journal, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across all pathogenic microorganisms and their interaction with their hosts. Chief Editor Yousef Abu Kwaik, University of Louisville is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology includes research on bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses, endosymbionts, prions and all microbial pathogens as well as the microbiota and its effect on health and disease in various hosts. The research approaches include molecular microbiology, cellular microbiology, gene regulation, proteomics, signal transduction, pathogenic evolution, genomics, structural biology, and virulence factors as well as model hosts. Areas of research to counteract infectious agents by the host include the host innate and adaptive immune responses as well as metabolic restrictions to various pathogenic microorganisms, vaccine design and development against various pathogenic microorganisms, and the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and its countermeasures.
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