Role of gallic acid against hepatic functional and histological deteriorations in tartrazine-intoxicated rats

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2025.115303

Rahma F. Ezz El-Arab , Hanan S.A. Waly , M. Bassam Al-Salahy , Moustafa A. Saleh , Shaimaa M.M. Saleh

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Abstract

Tartrazine (Tz) is one of the most commonly used artificial food colorants in the food industry, found in a wide array of products. This study investigates the protective role of gallic acid (GA), a powerful antioxidant, against the adverse effects of Tz on the liver. Over a 30-day period, 40 rats were divided into two groups: Group 1 (control group, 10 rats) received a daily administration of a vehicle, while Group 2 (30 rats) received Tz (30 mg/kg body weight). Group 2 was further subdivided into three subgroups of 10 rats each: Subgroup 1 served as a positive control for Tz; Subgroup 2 received GA (200 mg/kg body weight); and Subgroup 3 was left untreated for an additional 30 days as a recovery group (TR). Our study revealed that GA normalized liver functions markers (ALT, AST, and bilirubin), regulated lipids (cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and TG), and ameliorated the redox potentials activity of liver tissue (Catalase, GSH, SOD, LPO, Total peroxide, and Carbonyl protein), revealing its potential in mitigating the negative impact of Tz administration. Moreover, histopathological examinations, including the TUNEL assay, and histological and histochemical studies, demonstrated that GA effectively prevented the histological damage caused by Tz administration.

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来源期刊

Food and Chemical Toxicology 工程技术-毒理学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

4.70%

发文量

651

审稿时长

31 days

期刊介绍： Food and Chemical Toxicology (FCT), an internationally renowned journal, that publishes original research articles and reviews on toxic effects, in animals and humans, of natural or synthetic chemicals occurring in the human environment with particular emphasis on food, drugs, and chemicals, including agricultural and industrial safety, and consumer product safety. Areas such as safety evaluation of novel foods and ingredients, biotechnologically-derived products, and nanomaterials are included in the scope of the journal. FCT also encourages submission of papers on inter-relationships between nutrition and toxicology and on in vitro techniques, particularly those fostering the 3 Rs. The principal aim of the journal is to publish high impact, scholarly work and to serve as a multidisciplinary forum for research in toxicology. Papers submitted will be judged on the basis of scientific originality and contribution to the field, quality and subject matter. Studies should address at least one of the following: -Adverse physiological/biochemical, or pathological changes induced by specific defined substances -New techniques for assessing potential toxicity, including molecular biology -Mechanisms underlying toxic phenomena -Toxicological examinations of specific chemicals or consumer products, both those showing adverse effects and those demonstrating safety, that meet current standards of scientific acceptability. Authors must clearly and briefly identify what novel toxic effect (s) or toxic mechanism (s) of the chemical are being reported and what their significance is in the abstract. Furthermore, sufficient doses should be included in order to provide information on NOAEL/LOAEL values.