Fertility Behavior in the Context of Polygyny in Pakistan With the Moderating Effect of Household Wealth Status Evidences From Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

American Journal of Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI:10.1002/ajhb.70003

Athar Ali Shah, Anqi Sang, Mukhtiar Hussain Ibupoto

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Abstract

Introduction

Fertility and population dynamics in Pakistan play a critical role in shaping the country's socio-economic development. High fertility rates contribute to rapid population growth and pose significant challenges to healthcare, education, and resource management. This study investigates the relationship between polygyny and fertility, with the moderating effect of household wealth status.

Method

The study utilizes data from the “Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18”. It implies zero-truncated negative binomial regression, interaction effect, marginal analysis, and propensity score matching techniques. The total number of samples size is 50 495 women including 48 699 belonging to polygynous and 1796 with monogamous families.

Results

Polygynous unions are generally associated with higher fertility rates than their monogamous counterparts, as indicated by an IRR of 1.03 (CI: 1.00–1.05). This finding is further supported by propensity score matching, controlling for household wealth status, education, husband's education, residency, and region. After accounting for these demographic factors, the analysis reveals that polygynous families, on average, have 14% more children than monogamous families. Additionally, the relationship between polygyny and fertility is influenced by household wealth status.

Conclusion

While the household wealth index typically shows a negative association with fertility, this pattern does not apply to polygynous families, where wealthier households tend to have more children than monogamous ones. This interaction between wealth and polygyny highlights a complex dynamic, suggesting that wealth amplifies fertility within polygynous unions, diverging from the general trend of declining fertility with increasing wealth.

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巴基斯坦一夫多妻制背景下的生育行为：家庭财富状况的调节作用——来自2017-18年人口与健康调查的证据

巴基斯坦的生育率和人口动态在塑造该国的社会经济发展方面发挥着关键作用。高生育率导致人口快速增长，并对保健、教育和资源管理构成重大挑战。本研究考察了一夫多妻制与生育的关系，以及家庭财富状况的调节作用。方法：研究数据来自《2017-18年人口与健康调查》。它包括零截断负二项回归、相互作用效应、边际分析和倾向评分匹配技术。样本总数为50495名妇女，其中48699名属于一夫多妻制家庭，1796名属于一夫一妻制家庭。结果：一夫多妻制的结合通常比一夫一妻制的结合具有更高的生育率，IRR为1.03 （CI: 1.00-1.05）。这一发现进一步支持倾向得分匹配，控制家庭财富状况，教育，丈夫的教育，居住地和地区。在考虑了这些人口因素后，分析显示，一夫多妻制家庭平均比一夫一妻制家庭多生14%的孩子。此外，一夫多妻制与生育之间的关系受到家庭财富状况的影响。结论：虽然家庭财富指数通常与生育率呈负相关，但这种模式并不适用于一夫多妻制家庭，在一夫多妻制家庭中，富裕家庭往往比一夫一妻制家庭有更多的孩子。财富和一夫多妻制之间的这种相互作用凸显了一个复杂的动态，表明财富放大了一夫多妻制联盟中的生育率，这与生育率随财富增加而下降的总体趋势不同。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Human Biology 生物-生物学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

13.80%

发文量

124

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Human Biology is the Official Journal of the Human Biology Association. The American Journal of Human Biology is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed, internationally circulated journal that publishes reports of original research, theoretical articles and timely reviews, and brief communications in the interdisciplinary field of human biology. As the official journal of the Human Biology Association, the Journal also publishes abstracts of research presented at its annual scientific meeting and book reviews relevant to the field. The Journal seeks scholarly manuscripts that address all aspects of human biology, health, and disease, particularly those that stress comparative, developmental, ecological, or evolutionary perspectives. The transdisciplinary areas covered in the Journal include, but are not limited to, epidemiology, genetic variation, population biology and demography, physiology, anatomy, nutrition, growth and aging, physical performance, physical activity and fitness, ecology, and evolution, along with their interactions. The Journal publishes basic, applied, and methodologically oriented research from all areas, including measurement, analytical techniques and strategies, and computer applications in human biology. Like many other biologically oriented disciplines, the field of human biology has undergone considerable growth and diversification in recent years, and the expansion of the aims and scope of the Journal is a reflection of this growth and membership diversification. The Journal is committed to prompt review, and priority publication is given to manuscripts with novel or timely findings, and to manuscripts of unusual interest.