Trigeminal reflex testing abnormalities as a predictive model for distinguishing classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Clinical Neurophysiology Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI:10.1016/j.clinph.2024.12.025

Gianfranco De Stefano , Cristina Mollica , Caterina Leone , Eleonora Galosi , Giuseppe Di Pietro , Pietro Falco , Nicoletta Esposito , Daniel Litewczuk , Enrico Evangelisti , Francesca Caramia , Andrea Truini , Giulia Di Stefano

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Primary trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a representative neuropathic facial pain condition classified into classical (associated with neurovascular compression), and idiopathic (unknown etiology). Differentiating between classical and idiopathic TN based on clinical and neurophysiological findings remains challenging. In this clinical and neurophysiological study, we aimed to identify predictive clinical and neurophysiological variables that may distinguish between the two types of TN.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed clinical records and neurophysiological data from 114 patients with primary TN (84 classical TN, 30 idiopathic TN). We implemented a logistic regression model to identify predictive variables for classical and idiopathic TN.

Results

The logistic regression model showed that a trigeminal reflex latency asymmetry longer than 0.5 ms between the affected and unaffected sides was predictive of classical TN (p < 0.05). Additionally, combined involvement of the second and third trigeminal divisions was predictive of idiopathic TN (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Our findings suggesting that latency asymmetry in trigeminal reflexes differentiate between classical and idiopathic TN probably reflects the association of classical TN with neurovascular compression, while idiopathic TN may involve other factors affecting trigeminal nerve fibers.

Significance

Our results enhance our understanding of pathophysiology of TN and could improve clinical differentiation between its types.

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来源期刊

Clinical Neurophysiology 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

6.40%

发文量

932

审稿时长

59 days

期刊介绍： As of January 1999, The journal Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, and its two sections Electromyography and Motor Control and Evoked Potentials have amalgamated to become this journal - Clinical Neurophysiology. Clinical Neurophysiology is the official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Brazilian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Czech Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Italian Clinical Neurophysiology Society and the International Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiology.The journal is dedicated to fostering research and disseminating information on all aspects of both normal and abnormal functioning of the nervous system. The key aim of the publication is to disseminate scholarly reports on the pathophysiology underlying diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system of human patients. Clinical trials that use neurophysiological measures to document change are encouraged, as are manuscripts reporting data on integrated neuroimaging of central nervous function including, but not limited to, functional MRI, MEG, EEG, PET and other neuroimaging modalities.