Highly chiral exceptional point in coupled resonators perturbed by nanoscatterers.

Abstract

With employing strong chirality in an optical system, the direction of light propagation can be controlled and subwavelength particles can be detected. Here, we show that a different kind of chiral exceptional point (EP) with high (spatial) chirality can appear in a coupled resonator perturbed by nanoscatterers, in which both the distance and position of the scatterers can be tuned. We achieve strong chiral EP in two different distances between the resonators, with chirality around 0.99, in both cases. Besides, chiral EP associated with the higher harmonic whispering gallery mode is achieved, with chirality around 0.95. We also investigate the interaction of particles with same and different spin of light, which can mimic the spin-up and spin-down of electrons in quantum mechanics. The proposed device provides a tunable scheme to achieve high directionality of different cavity modes by incorporating one or more nanoscatterers. With incorporating more than one tunable mechanism such as nanoscatterers, nonlinearity, and time-modulation, simultaneously, the conventional limitations in chirality and sensitivity may be surpassed in the presence of unwanted imperfections of fabrication and noisy environment.