Dyslipidaemia in Liver Diseases.

Abstract

The liver is the central organ in lipid metabolism and plays a key role in a variety of biochemical processes. It is involved in lipoprotein synthesis, fatty acid beta oxidation, ketone body production, cholesterol synthesis, bile production, and storage and mobilization of lipids. Metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and certain dyslipidaemias can lead to chronic liver conditions, especially non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Conversely, chronic liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis and chronic cholestasis can induce dyslipidaemias. This review provides a comprehensive biochemical and clinical overview of the intricate relationship between the lipid-lipoprotein metabolism and chronic liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cholestasis, alcohol-related liver disease, viral hepatitis and cirrhosis, all of which have been selected due to their importance in current clinical practice. These conditions not only affect liver function but also have widespread metabolic implications critical for patient management and therapeutic strategies. In addition to discussing the clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of liver diseases, this review delves into the genetic and non-genetic factors that influence their development and progression. By bridging clinical observations with biochemical me-chanisms, this review aims to improve the understan-ding of how lipid metabolism disorders contribute to chronic liver diseases and to identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention.