Parsing reward sensitivity reveals distinct relationships with energy intake, metabolic markers, physical activity and fitness.

IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES
Evelyn Kiive, Urmeli Katus, Diva Eensoo, Inga Villa, Jarek Mäestu, Toomas Veidebaum, Jaanus Harro
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Abstract

Rewards are rewarding owing to their hedonic or metabolic value. Individual differences in sensitivity to rewards are predictive of mental health problems but may reflect variation in metabolic types. We have assessed the association of two distinguishable aspects of reward sensitivity, openness to rewards (the striving towards multiple rewards) and insatiability by reward (the strong pursuit and fixation to a particular reward), with measures of metabolism and activity in a longitudinal study of representative birth cohort samples. We used data of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study (original n = 1238) collected at age 15, 18 and 25. Reward sensitivity and physical activity were self-reported during a laboratory visit, when also blood sampling, measurement of blood pressure, height and weight, aerobic exercise testing and the diet interview, after the participants had kept food diary, took place. In the younger cohort, physical activity was also assessed by accelerometry at age 18 and 25. Across adolescence and young adulthood, openness to rewards was positively associated with physical activity and negatively with blood pressure and serum levels of glucose, insulin and cholesterol levels. In contrast, insatiability by reward was positively associated with serum triglyceride levels and negatively with energy intake and cardiorespiratory fitness. In conclusion, the two facets of reward sensitivity have a fairly different association with a variety of metabolic and health-related measures. This may explain the variable findings in literature, and suggests that individual differences in reward sensitivity are part of a complex physiological variability, including energy expenditure profiles.

分析奖励敏感性揭示了能量摄入、代谢标志物、身体活动和健康之间的明显关系。
奖励之所以有价值,是因为它们的享乐价值或代谢价值。对奖励敏感性的个体差异可以预测心理健康问题,但也可能反映了代谢类型的差异。我们通过对代表性出生队列样本的纵向研究,评估了奖励敏感性的两个可区分方面的关联,即对奖励的开放性(争取多种奖励)和对奖励的贪得无厌(对特定奖励的强烈追求和固定),以及代谢和活动的测量。我们使用爱沙尼亚儿童人格行为和健康研究(原始n = 1238)在15岁、18岁和25岁时收集的数据。在实验室访问期间,参与者自我报告了奖励敏感性和身体活动,同时还进行了血液采样、血压测量、身高和体重、有氧运动测试和饮食访谈,在参与者记录了食物日记之后。在较年轻的队列中,还在18岁和25岁时用加速度计评估了身体活动。在青春期和青年期,对奖励的开放程度与身体活动呈正相关,与血压、血清葡萄糖水平、胰岛素水平和胆固醇水平呈负相关。相比之下,奖励的贪得无厌与血清甘油三酯水平呈正相关,与能量摄入和心肺健康呈负相关。总之,奖励敏感性的两个方面与各种代谢和健康相关措施有相当不同的关联。这可以解释文献中不同的发现,并表明奖励敏感性的个体差异是复杂生理变异的一部分,包括能量消耗概况。
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来源期刊
Acta Neuropsychiatrica
Acta Neuropsychiatrica NEUROSCIENCES-PSYCHIATRY
自引率
5.30%
发文量
30
期刊介绍: Acta Neuropsychiatrica is an international journal focussing on translational neuropsychiatry. It publishes high-quality original research papers and reviews. The Journal''s scope specifically highlights the pathway from discovery to clinical applications, healthcare and global health that can be viewed broadly as the spectrum of work that marks the pathway from discovery to global health.
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