[Systemic mechanisms of premature aging and their correction by complex physiotherapy application].

Abstract

Rationale: Human aging is accompanied by various somatic diseases that increase the biological age and reduce the period of active longevity. For the development of effective methods of premature aging prevention it is necessary to expand the search of predictors of forming pathological reactions, their system analysis and selection of the factors of influence capable to activate the processes of sanogenesis.

Objective: System analysis of pathological changes in various functional systems of the organism, formed in the process of ontogenesis, and evaluation of the effectiveness of the preventive potential of polymodal physiotherapy in terms of preserving the level of health in elderly patients.

Material and methods: The studies were conducted on the basis of the Scientific and Clinical Center 1 of the Russian National Cancer Center named after Acad. B.V. Petrovsky with the participation of 80 patients (46 men and 34 women) aged from 20 to 90 years. After signing a voluntary informed consent for a special study with the processing of their personal data, all patients underwent a comprehensive clinical, laboratory and functional examination. Patients were divided into two groups by simple fixed randomization method. The comparison group (n=40) received moderate physical activity, reduced caloric intake and vitamin therapy. Patients of the main group (n=40) additionally received physiotherapeutic complex, which included multimodal influences using Alpha LED Ohu Light-Spa apparatus, hyper-hypoxitherapy, pressotherapy, dry carbon dioxide baths. Preventive courses were repeated twice with an interval of 6 months. All studies were performed before and 6 months after the completion of the preventive course.

Results: In the process of aging, disorders develop in various systems of the human body, which leads to an increase in biological age and aging rate, while in women these processes are formed more slowly. Pathological reactions in elderly patients were characterized by disturbances in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, activation of pro- oxidant and inflammatory reactions, smaller relative telomere sizes. It has been established that the problems preventing active and healthy longevity are formed early enough and preventive measures should be started at a young and early adulthood. In patients of the comparison group, the twofold application of the preventive course had no noticeable favorable effect, moreover, the severity of lipid metabolism disorders even increased. Additional to standard recommendations application of a complex of physiotherapeutic procedures had a pronounced prophylactic effect, which was manifested in reduction of biological age, optimization of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, reduction of activity of inflammatory reactions.

Conclusion: The leading role of metabolic reactions disorders, which are based on insulin resistance, in patients in ontogenesis has been revealed, which leads to the increase of biological age and aging rate. Standard recommendations for the prevention of pathological aging are not effective enough, whereas complex physiotherapy due to polymodality of realization of its therapeutic potential can activate sanogenetic reactions and unlike drugs has no side effects.