[Assessment of the clinical effectiveness of a specialized fermented milk product for the dietary correction of carbohydrate and fat metabolism disorders].

Abstract

To level out the nutrient imbalance in diets, patients with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders are prescribed to include specialized low-fat food with increased protein content. In this regard, the development and evaluation of the effectiveness of such products enriched with micronutrients is relevant. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a specialized fermented milk product for the dietary correction of carbohydrate and fat metabolism disorders. Material and methods. The study involved 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with concomitant abdominal obesity. The average age was 62.0±1.2 years. The hypocaloric diet (1708 kcal/day) of the patients in the main group (n=20) included daily for 21 days 200 g of a specialized fermented milk product containing 5.0% protein, 0.5% fat, 8.0% carbohydrates, enriched with taurine (0.4 mg%), carnitine (0.3 mg%), manganese, zinc and 12 vitamins. The patients in the control group (n=20) did not receive this product. All patients underwent an anthropometric assessment, bioimpedancemetry, and examined biochemical blood parameters characterizing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Vitamin status was assessed by the level of vitamins C, E, D, B12 in the blood serum. Status was evaluated by the serum levels of malone dialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity. Results. The study of the clinical efficacy of the specialized fermented milk product showed good tolerability by patients. After 3 weeks of diet therapy, patients in both groups showed statistically significant decreases in body weight, body mass index, body fat mass, waist circumference, serum level of glucose, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Patients in the main group showed more pronounced positive dynamics of body component composition. There was statistically significant decrease in fluid while maintaining skeletal muscle mass, in contrast to the indices in patients of the control group. The inclusion of the specialized fermented milk product in the low-calorie diet was accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in serum level of malone dialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine by an average of 17% from the initial level (p<0.05), and an increase in superoxide dismutase activity by 18.5% (p<0.05), 25(OH)D and vitamin C level by 35 and 51% (p=0.001), respectively, in the absence of index dynamics in patients of the control group. Conclusion. The specialized fermented milk product can be used in diet therapy, including for the purpose of dietary correction of disorders of fat and carbohydrate metabolism, as an additional source of vitamins, trace elements (zinc, manganese), as well as taurine and L-carnitine.