The effect of wildfire smoke on children's health: A systematic review.

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
Amal Syed, Rupa Basu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: With wildfires increasing globally due to climate change, children may be more behaviourally exposed and more physiologically vulnerable to adverse health outcomes.

Objective: To complete a comprehensive investigation of epidemiological studies examining respiratory and non-respiratory impacts of wildfires to identify research gaps and inform decision-making to protect children's health.

Data sources: The databases searched were PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar.

Study selection and data extraction: Global epidemiological studies that investigated individuals under the age of 18 and were published from January 2006 to July 2024 were eligible to be included. Studies were included if they had wildfire days, smoke, or pollutants as the main exposure and had an outcome related to children's health. Though a meta-analysis was not possible, results were reported qualitatively through summaries of evidence tables and noteworthy results and the magnitude of the associations for each outcome was reported.

Results: Twenty-four studies were selected. Sixteen studies examined respiratory outcomes and 11 studies included non-respiratory outcomes. A meta-analysis was not conducted, and consistent conclusions could not be made due to the heterogeneity and the small number of studies. Most respiratory-related studies found positive associations between wildfire exposure and adverse respiratory outcomes. All non-respiratory outcomes, except physical activity, had positive associations with wildfire exposure. For most non-respiratory outcomes, only one study evaluated each outcome. Higher-risk children were asthmatic, obese, under the age of five, in low-income countries or with a low socio-economic status.

Conclusions: There is consistent evidence that wildfire exposure is associated with adverse respiratory health in children, globally. There is less consistent evidence for the effect of wildfire exposure on non-respiratory outcomes. Further long-term research on non-respiratory outcomes in children, specifically physical activity, academic success and mental health is needed, especially in high-risk populations.

野火烟雾对儿童健康的影响:一项系统综述。
背景:由于气候变化,野火在全球范围内增加,儿童可能在行为上更容易暴露,在生理上更容易受到不利健康结果的影响。目的:完成一项综合调查野火对呼吸和非呼吸系统影响的流行病学研究,以确定研究空白,并为保护儿童健康的决策提供信息。数据来源:检索数据库为PubMed、Embase、Scopus和谷歌Scholar。研究选择和数据提取:2006年1月至2024年7月发表的调查18岁以下人群的全球流行病学研究符合入选条件。如果研究以野火日、烟雾或污染物为主要暴露因素,并且结果与儿童健康有关,则纳入研究。虽然不能进行荟萃分析,但通过证据表的总结和值得注意的结果定性地报告了结果,并报告了每个结果的关联程度。结果:共纳入24项研究。16项研究检查了呼吸结果,11项研究包括非呼吸结果。未进行meta分析,由于异质性和研究数量少,无法得出一致的结论。大多数与呼吸相关的研究发现,野火暴露与不良呼吸结果之间存在正相关。除身体活动外,所有非呼吸结果均与野火暴露呈正相关。对于大多数非呼吸结果,只有一项研究评估了每种结果。高风险儿童是哮喘、肥胖、五岁以下、低收入国家或社会经济地位低的儿童。结论:有一致的证据表明,野火暴露与全球儿童的不良呼吸健康有关。野火暴露对非呼吸结果的影响的证据不太一致。需要对儿童的非呼吸系统后果,特别是身体活动、学业成绩和心理健康进行进一步的长期研究,特别是在高危人群中。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
7.10%
发文量
84
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology crosses the boundaries between the epidemiologist and the paediatrician, obstetrician or specialist in child health, ensuring that important paediatric and perinatal studies reach those clinicians for whom the results are especially relevant. In addition to original research articles, the Journal also includes commentaries, book reviews and annotations.
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