Tolerability and effectiveness of face-masks in reducing cough aerosols for children with cystic fibrosis.

Abstract

Background: People with cystic fibrosis (CF) are recommended to wear face-masks when in healthcare settings. We previously demonstrated that face-masks significantly reduce the release of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) aerosols during coughing in adults with CF. There is a knowledge gap in relation to the impact of mask wear in children with CF. This study aimed to examine the tolerability and effectiveness in lowering emissions of hospital-grade surgical and one type of commercially available cotton face-mask in children with CF.

Methods: Twenty children with CF and P. aeruginosa infection were recruited. Participants performed three cough manoeuvres in a validated cough aerosol system both with and without face-masks of differing wear time. Cough aerosols were sampled at two meters using an Andersen Cascade Impactor. Quantitative sputum and aerosol bacterial cultures were performed. Participants also rated the comfort levels of the face-masks.

Results: P. aeruginosa was cultured from the sputum in eight participants (40 %). During uncovered coughing (reference manoeuvre), seven of the 20 participants produced aerosols containing bacterial pathogens. There was a reduction in aerosolised bacterial load during coughing with both surgical and cotton face-masks. The mean percent reduction in CFU with both types of face-masks was 82 % (95 % CI 56 - 108) during the immediate face-mask wear test compared to the uncovered cough test. Face-masks were generally well tolerated.

Conclusions: Face-masks are well tolerated and effective in reducing cough-generated bacterial aerosols in children with CF.