Body composition alterations in patients with lung cancer.

IF 5 2区 生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY
Deena B Snoke, Gary S Atwood, Emma R Bellefleur, Alice M Stokes, Michael J Toth
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Abstract

Most patients with lung cancer experience cancer cachexia (CC), a syndrome of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue wasting. Knowledge of body composition changes in patients is limited, however, because most studies have been cross-sectional, comparing patients with noncancer controls or patients with and without CC. Few studies, in contrast, have evaluated body composition in patients with lung cancer over time. This review examines our current understanding of longitudinal body composition changes in patients with lung cancer and identifies modifying factors contributing to variation in muscle and adipose tissue wasting, focusing on biological sex. We identified 32 studies conducting longitudinal measurements of body composition by computed tomography, bioelectrical impedance, dual X-ray absorptiometry, or total body nitrogen, with a total of n = 3,951 patients (35% female). All studies evaluated changes following diagnosis while patients were receiving treatment. Most studies reporting muscle-specific outcomes show decreased skeletal muscle mass, with more pronounced muscle wasting in males and male-enriched populations. In a small number of studies reporting muscle density, the majority show increased myosteatosis. Adiposity changes are less frequently reported, although wasting appears more prevalent in late-stage disease. Further studies are needed to define adipose changes along the lung cancer continuum. Our review emphasizes the need for balanced recruitment based on biological sex and sex-based analyses. In addition, consensus reporting of relevant patient data and outcomes in future studies will allow for meta-analysis and assist in the development of effective treatments for lung CC.

肺癌患者体内成分的改变。
大多数肺癌患者会经历癌症恶病质(CC),一种骨骼肌和脂肪组织消耗的综合征。然而,对患者身体成分变化的了解有限,因为大多数研究都是横断面的,比较的是非癌症对照患者或患有和不患有CC的患者。相反,很少有研究对肺癌患者的身体成分随时间的变化进行评估。本文综述了我们目前对肺癌患者纵向身体组成变化的理解,并确定了影响肌肉和脂肪组织消耗变化的调节因素,重点是生理性别。我们确定了32项研究,通过计算机断层扫描、生物电阻抗、双x线吸收仪或全身氮含量的纵向测量,共n=3,951例患者(35%为女性)。所有的研究都评估了患者接受治疗后诊断后的变化。大多数报告肌肉特异性结果的研究显示骨骼肌质量下降,在男性和男性丰富的人群中肌肉萎缩更为明显。在少数报告肌肉密度的研究中,大多数显示肌骨化症增加。虽然消瘦在疾病晚期更为普遍,但肥胖的变化较少被报道。需要进一步的研究来确定肺癌连续体中脂肪的变化。我们的综述强调了基于生理性别和基于性别分析的平衡招聘的必要性。此外,在未来的研究中,对相关患者数据和结果的共识报告将允许进行荟萃分析,并有助于开发有效的肺CC治疗方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.10
自引率
1.80%
发文量
252
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology is dedicated to innovative approaches to the study of cell and molecular physiology. Contributions that use cellular and molecular approaches to shed light on mechanisms of physiological control at higher levels of organization also appear regularly. Manuscripts dealing with the structure and function of cell membranes, contractile systems, cellular organelles, and membrane channels, transporters, and pumps are encouraged. Studies dealing with integrated regulation of cellular function, including mechanisms of signal transduction, development, gene expression, cell-to-cell interactions, and the cell physiology of pathophysiological states, are also eagerly sought. Interdisciplinary studies that apply the approaches of biochemistry, biophysics, molecular biology, morphology, and immunology to the determination of new principles in cell physiology are especially welcome.
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