Inverse Relationship Between Serum Carotenoid Levels and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Among the General Adult Population

IF 3 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Journal of Diabetes Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI:10.1111/1753-0407.70046

Mengli Chen, Shuyue Cai, Qinfeng Jia, Yifang Suo, Yuan Tang, Yanping Shi, Xu Zhu, Haifeng Zhang

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Abstract

Objective

To examine the relationship between serum carotenoid levels and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome in a representative sample of US adults.

Methods

Data from the fasting subsample of the NHANES 2017–2018 were analyzed using a survey-weighted approach to ensure the findings are representative of the broader US adult population. Serum levels of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, and lycopene were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. CKM syndrome stages were defined according to the 2023 American Heart Association guidelines, with advanced CKM syndrome categorized as stages 3 or 4. Associations between serum carotenoids and advanced CKM syndrome were assessed using logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression.

Results

The study included 1671 adults aged 20 years and older, with a mean age of 48.7 years and a gender distribution of 50.9% female and 49.1% male. Higher serum levels of α-carotene, β-carotene, α-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, and lycopene were inversely associated with advanced CKM syndrome. Specifically, compared to the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of α-carotene had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.29 (95% CI: 0.16–0.55), β-carotene 0.35 (95% CI: 0.16–0.78), α-cryptoxanthin 0.23 (95% CI: 0.11–0.49), lutein/zeaxanthin 0.26 (95% CI: 0.14–0.48), and lycopene 0.58 (95% CI: 0.35–0.98). However, β-cryptoxanthin did not show a significant association. Moreover, the combined effect of all carotenoids was significantly negatively correlated with advanced CKM syndrome (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.53–0.86), with lutein/zeaxanthin contributing the most (44.56%).

Conclusions

Elevated serum carotenoid levels are inversely associated with the prevalence of advanced CKM syndrome in a dose-dependent manner, with this association remaining consistent across diverse demographic and health subgroups.

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普通成人血清类胡萝卜素水平与心血管-肾-代谢综合征的负相关关系

目的：研究美国成年人血清类胡萝卜素水平与心血管肾代谢综合征（CKM）之间的关系。方法：使用调查加权方法分析NHANES 2017-2018禁食亚样本的数据，以确保研究结果能够代表更广泛的美国成年人。采用高效液相色谱法测定血清α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、叶黄素/玉米黄质和番茄红素的含量。根据2023年美国心脏协会指南定义CKM综合征分期，晚期CKM综合征分为3期或4期。采用logistic回归和加权分位数和（WQS）回归评估血清类胡萝卜素与晚期CKM综合征之间的关系。结果：研究对象为1671名年龄在20岁及以上的成年人，平均年龄48.7岁，性别分布为女性50.9%，男性49.1%。血清α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、α-隐黄质、叶黄素/玉米黄质和番茄红素水平升高与晚期CKM综合征呈负相关。具体来说，与最低四分位数相比，α-胡萝卜素最高四分位数的比值比（OR）为0.29 (95% CI: 0.16-0.55)， β-胡萝卜素0.35 (95% CI: 0.16-0.78)， α-隐黄质0.23 (95% CI: 0.11-0.49)，叶黄素/玉米黄质0.26 (95% CI: 0.14-0.48)，番茄红素0.58 （95% CI: 0.35-0.98）。而β-隐黄质则无显著相关性。此外，所有类胡萝卜素的综合作用与晚期CKM综合征呈显著负相关（OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.53-0.86），其中叶黄素/玉米黄质贡献最大（44.56%）。结论：血清类胡萝卜素水平升高与晚期CKM综合征患病率呈剂量依赖性负相关，这种关联在不同人口统计学和健康亚组中保持一致。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Diabetes ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

2.20%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Diabetes (JDB) devotes itself to diabetes research, therapeutics, and education. It aims to involve researchers and practitioners in a dialogue between East and West via all aspects of epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, management, complications and prevention of diabetes, including the molecular, biochemical, and physiological aspects of diabetes. The Editorial team is international with a unique mix of Asian and Western participation. The Editors welcome submissions in form of original research articles, images, novel case reports and correspondence, and will solicit reviews, point-counterpoint, commentaries, editorials, news highlights, and educational content.