Effects of blenderized watermelon consumption on satiety and postprandial glucose in overweight and obese adolescents

Abstract

Background

Watermelon and its rind are rich in fiber, vitamins, minerals, and L-citrulline. Despite these nutritional benefits, research on the effects of blenderized watermelon (WM), especially in adolescents, remains limited. This study aimed to address this gap by examining the impact of blenderized WM (Citrullus lanatus, including both flesh and rind) on satiety, postprandial glucose responses, and overall acceptability among overweight and obese adolescents.

Methods

In a randomized crossover design, 20 participants consumed 240 mL of either blenderized watermelon (WM) or an isocaloric sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) on separate days. A triangle sensory test assessed participants' ability to distinguish between WM with and without rind, while acceptability assessments rated flavor, sweetness, and overall satisfaction using a seven-point hedonic scale.

Results

Blenderized WM consumption resulted in significantly lower postprandial glucose levels at 20 and 40 min (P < 0.01) compared to SSB. Satiety responses showed delayed increases in hunger and desire to eat with WM. Feelings of fullness increased at 20 min for WM (P = 0.033), while SSB resulted in lower fullness than baseline at 120 min (P = 0.006). Participants reported increased appetite after 120 min with WM, compared to 60 min with SSB (P < 0.05). In the triangle sensory test, 70 % of participants correctly identified WM with and without rind, with acceptability assessments favoring WM without rind.

Conclusion

Blenderized WM shows potential for stabilizing postprandial glucose levels and enhancing satiety in overweight and obese adolescents. However, improving the sensory qualities of WM with rind is crucial to increase its appeal as a healthier alternative to sugary snacks. While these findings highlight its promise for managing glucose and promoting satiety, further efforts to enhance its palatability are needed.