Circadian rhythm disorders in the blind.

Q2 Medicine

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-90918-1.00007-1

Maria Antonia Quera-Salva, Sarah Hartley, Karol Uscamaita

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Non-24-h sleep-wake disorder in blind patients without light perception is an orphan circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder and is extremely rare in sighted people. Non-24-h sleep-wake disorder is characterized by insomnia and daytime sleepiness alternating with asymptomatic episodes. The frequency of symptomatic periods depends on the daily desynchronization of endogenous circadian pattern of each patient. Diagnosis requires anamnesis, a sleep diary, and actigraphy, if possible; in addition, repeated 24-h measures of circadian markers such as melatonin secretion are also required. Treatment consists of sleep hygiene, behavioral therapy, and melatonin/melatonin agonist administration. Melatonin treatment should start when the circadian rhythm of the patient is in phase with the solar cycle. Efficacy of treatment may be evident after weeks even months from the beginning. There is often a relapse when the medication is stopped.

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盲人的昼夜节律紊乱。

无光觉的盲人非24小时睡眠-觉醒障碍是一种罕见的昼夜节律睡眠-觉醒障碍，在视力正常的人群中极为罕见。非24小时睡眠-觉醒障碍的特征是失眠和日间嗜睡交替发生无症状发作。症状期的频率取决于每个患者的内源性昼夜节律模式的日常不同步。诊断需要记忆、睡眠日记和活动描记，如果可能的话；此外，还需要对褪黑激素分泌等昼夜节律标志物进行24小时重复测量。治疗包括睡眠卫生、行为治疗和褪黑激素/褪黑激素激动剂的使用。褪黑素治疗应该在患者的昼夜节律与太阳周期相一致时开始。治疗的效果可能在几周甚至几个月后才显现出来。停药后经常会复发。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Handbook of clinical neurology Medicine-Neurology (clinical)

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

302

期刊介绍： The Handbook of Clinical Neurology (HCN) was originally conceived and edited by Pierre Vinken and George Bruyn as a prestigious, multivolume reference work that would cover all the disorders encountered by clinicians and researchers engaged in neurology and allied fields. The first series of the Handbook (Volumes 1-44) was published between 1968 and 1982 and was followed by a second series (Volumes 45-78), guided by the same editors, which concluded in 2002. By that time, the Handbook had come to represent one of the largest scientific works ever published. In 2002, Professors Michael J. Aminoff, François Boller, and Dick F. Swaab took on the responsibility of supervising the third (current) series, the first volumes of which published in 2003. They have designed this series to encompass both clinical neurology and also the basic and clinical neurosciences that are its underpinning. Given the enormity and complexity of the accumulating literature, it is almost impossible to keep abreast of developments in the field, thus providing the raison d''être for the series. The series will thus appeal to clinicians and investigators alike, providing to each an added dimension. Now, more than 140 volumes after it began, the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series has an unparalleled reputation for providing the latest information on fundamental research on the operation of the nervous system in health and disease, comprehensive clinical information on neurological and related disorders, and up-to-date treatment protocols.