Characterization of Hospital Admissions During Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Insights From the ICOG Study

IF 2.9 2区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI:10.1002/cam4.70582

Jonas Paul Wiegmann, Tabea Fröhlich, Nora Möhn, Laura Duzzi, Emily Narten, Johanna Aurich, Janin Thomas, Lea Grote-Levi, Susann Mahjoub, Dominik Berliner, Thomas Wirth, Heiko Golpon, Benjamin-Alexander Bollmann, Imke Von Wasilewski, Ralf Gutzmer, Florian H. Heidel, Thomas Skripuletz, Gernot Beutel, Philipp Ivanyi, ICOG-CCCH (Immune Cooperative Oncology Group, Comprehensive Cancer Center Hannover)

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Abstract

Introduction

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have improved the therapeutic arsenal in outpatient oncology care; however, data on necessity of hospitalizations associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are scarce. Here, we characterized hospitalizations of patients undergoing ICI, from the prospective cohort study of the immune cooperative oncology group (ICOG) Hannover.

Methods

Between 12/2019 and 06/2022, 237 patients were included. Clinical data and characteristics of ICI were collected during a 6-month observation period after the initiation of therapy. Descriptive statistics and Kaplan–Meier statistics were administered.

Results

During the observation period, 30/237 patients were hospitalized (HA(+)). Most common underlying tumor entities were malignant melanoma (59.5%), renal cell carcinoma (13.1%), and nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma (12.7%). HA(+) patients exhibited an increased rate of pulmonary and cerebral metastases. We observed a significantly higher hospitalization rate during dual ICI with Nivolumab and Ipilimumab (p = 0.001). The predominant irAEs for hospitalization were colitis (26.7%), followed by hypophysitis (13.3%), leading to a median hospitalization of 7 (1–34) days. Interdisciplinary consultations were frequent, especially to gastroenterology (46.7%) and neurology (26.7%). Although a trend toward a prolonged overall survival in the HA(+) subgroup was identified, no statistically significant differences were found.

Discussion

The hospitalization rate of 12.6% is comparable to rates reported in previous studies. There was a disproportionate admission of patients with immune-related colitis and hypophysitis compared to the prevalence described under ICI. We observed a high need for interdisciplinary consultations in line with the heterogeneity of immune-mediated side effects. Compared to non-hospitalized patients, there was no survival disadvantage in the HA(+) cohort.

Conclusion

With a relatively low hospitalization rate, short length of stay, and good clinical outcome, our data support the outpatient nature of ICI. The findings underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and vigilant monitoring of irAEs to ensure timely recognition and management.

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来源期刊

Cancer Medicine ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

907

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas: Clinical Cancer Research Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations Cancer Biology: Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery. Cancer Prevention: Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach. Bioinformatics: Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers. Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.