Advancements in functional adsorbents for sustainable recovery of rare earth elements from wastewater: A comprehensive review of performance, mechanisms, and applications

IF 15.9 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI:10.1016/j.cis.2025.103403

Hongrui Xiang , Zhihui Yang , Xiaoyun Liu , Feiyu Lu , Feiping Zhao , Liyuan Chai

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Abstract

Rare earth elements (REEs) are crucial metallic resources that play an essential role in national economies and industrial production. The reclaimation of REEs from wastewater stands as a significant supplementary strategy to bolster the REEs supply. Adsorption techniques are widely recognized as environmentally friendly and sustainable methods for the separation of REEs from wastewater. Despite the growing interest in adsorption-based REEs separation, comprehensive reviews of both traditional and novel adsorbents toward REEs recovery remain limited. This review aims to provide a thorough analysis of various adsorbents for the recovery of REEs. The types of adsorbents examined include activated carbons, functionalized silica nanoparticles, and microbial synthetic adsorbents, with a detailed evaluation of their adsorption capacities, selectivity, and regeneration potential. This study focuses on the mechanisms of REEs adsorption, including electrostatic interactions, ion exchange, surface complexation, and surface precipitation, highlighting how surface modifications can enhance REEs recovery efficiency. Future efforts in designing high-performance adsorbents should prioritize the optimization of the density of functional groups to enhance both selectivity and adsorption capacity, while also maintaining a balance between overall capacity, cost, and reusability. The incorporation of covalently bonded functional groups onto mechanically robust adsorbents can significantly strengthen chemical interactions with REEs and improve the structural stability of the adsorbents during reuse. Additionally, the development of materials with high specific surface areas and well-defined porous structures is benifitial to facilitating mass transfer of REEs and maximizing adsorption efficiency. Ultimately, the advancement of the design of efficient, highly selective and recyclable adsorbents is critical for addressing the growing demand for REEs across diverse industrial applications.

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用于废水中稀土元素可持续回收的功能吸附剂的研究进展：性能、机理和应用的综合综述。

稀土元素是重要的金属资源，在国民经济和工业生产中发挥着重要作用。从废水中回收稀土是加强稀土供应的重要补充策略。吸附技术被广泛认为是一种环保、可持续的废水中稀土元素分离方法。尽管人们对基于吸附的稀土分离越来越感兴趣，但对传统和新型吸附剂对稀土回收的全面研究仍然有限。本文综述了用于稀土回收的各种吸附剂。研究的吸附剂类型包括活性炭、功能化二氧化硅纳米颗粒和微生物合成吸附剂，并详细评估了它们的吸附能力、选择性和再生潜力。本文重点研究了稀土的吸附机理，包括静电相互作用、离子交换、表面络合和表面沉淀，重点研究了表面修饰如何提高稀土的回收效率。未来设计高性能吸附剂的工作应优先考虑优化官能团的密度，以提高选择性和吸附容量，同时保持总体容量、成本和可重用性之间的平衡。在机械坚固的吸附剂上加入共价键官能团可以显著加强与稀土的化学相互作用，并提高吸附剂在重复使用过程中的结构稳定性。此外，具有高比表面积和明确的多孔结构的材料的发展有利于促进稀土的传质和最大限度地提高吸附效率。最终，高效、高选择性和可回收吸附剂的设计进步对于满足各种工业应用对稀土元素日益增长的需求至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 化学-物理化学

CiteScore

28.50

自引率

2.60%

发文量

175

审稿时长

31 days

期刊介绍： "Advances in Colloid and Interface Science" is an international journal that focuses on experimental and theoretical developments in interfacial and colloidal phenomena. The journal covers a wide range of disciplines including biology, chemistry, physics, and technology. The journal accepts review articles on any topic within the scope of colloid and interface science. These articles should provide an in-depth analysis of the subject matter, offering a critical review of the current state of the field. The author's informed opinion on the topic should also be included. The manuscript should compare and contrast ideas found in the reviewed literature and address the limitations of these ideas. Typically, the articles published in this journal are written by recognized experts in the field.