Evaluation of Cognitive Functions in People Living with HIV Before and After COVID-19 Infection.

IF 3.8 3区医学 Q2 VIROLOGY

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI:10.3390/v17010135

Dimtrios Basoulis, Elpida Mastrogianni, Irene Eliadi, Nikolaos Platakis, Dimitris Platis, Mina Psichogiou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Cognitive function decline is a problem in aging people living with HIV (PLWHIV). COVID-19 infection is associated with neuropsychiatric manifestations that may persist. The aim of our study was to evaluate cognitive function in PLWHIV before and after COVID-19 infection.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at "Laiko" General Hospital from July 2019 to July 2024. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) scale was used to evaluate cognitive functions.

Results: 116 virally suppressed PLWHIV participated (mean age: 47.6 years, 91.4% male); 60 underwent repeated evaluation after the pandemic at a median interval of 3.1 years. The median MOCA score was 24 (22-26), with 35.3% scoring within normal limits. A negative correlation was observed between MOCA scores and age (ρ = -0.283, p = 0.002), but not with a CD4 count at diagnosis (ρ = 0.169, p = 0.071) or initial HIV RNA load (ρ = 0.02, p = 0.984). In the subgroup with repeated testing, MOCA was correlated with the CD4 count (ρ = 0.238, p = 0.069 in the first and ρ = 0.319, p = 0.014 second test). An improvement in performance was observed (median score increase from 24 to 25, p = 0.02).

Conclusions: MOCA can detect early changes in cognitive function in PLWHIV. Further studies are required to determine the role of COVID-19 over time.

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来源期刊

Viruses-Basel VIROLOGY-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

12.80%

发文量

2445

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915) is an open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies of viruses. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications, conference reports and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. We also encourage the publication of timely reviews and commentaries on topics of interest to the virology community and feature highlights from the virology literature in the ''News and Views'' section. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.