{"title":"A Retrospective Analysis Evaluating the Impact of Neighborhood Deprivation on Birth Weight in Phoenix, Arizona.","authors":"Kristin D Mickelson, Megan Witsoe, Brittany Krzyzanowski, Pooja Doehrman, Samantha Dinh, Guangying Zhou, Jacqueline Nguyen","doi":"10.3390/ijerph22010112","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health inequities begin before birth and are influenced by pregnancy conditions, race/ethnicity, social class, and environment. Research indicates that, in the United States, Black women are significantly more likely to have low-birth-weight babies compared to White women. Interestingly, Hispanic women in the United States do not experience this birth weight inequity. The reasons for this disparity remain unclear. Both Hispanic and Black women face discrimination, and this is often cited as a primary reason for the higher prevalence of low-birth-weight babies among Black women. One type of discrimination that is less examined is neighborhood deprivation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study systematically examined the impact of various sociodemographic and pregnancy predictors among 9607 women in Phoenix, Arizona. Using multilevel modeling, we analyzed whether neighborhood deprivation (using the Area Deprivation Index) influenced the association between demographic and pregnancy risk and protective factors on birth weight outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consistent with prior research, we found that Black and Asian women had lower-birth-weight babies than White women, while Hispanic women did not show a significant difference from non-Hispanic women. Additionally, multilevel modeling suggested that increased neighborhood deprivation tends to exacerbate the impact of some risk factors (e.g., race) and reduce the impact of specific protective factors (e.g., gestational age) on birth weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that both place and individual factors synergistically influence birth weight outcomes. Moreover, the results underscore the importance of targeting interventions to enhance resources among those who live in the most deprived neighborhoods.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11765403/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22010112","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Health inequities begin before birth and are influenced by pregnancy conditions, race/ethnicity, social class, and environment. Research indicates that, in the United States, Black women are significantly more likely to have low-birth-weight babies compared to White women. Interestingly, Hispanic women in the United States do not experience this birth weight inequity. The reasons for this disparity remain unclear. Both Hispanic and Black women face discrimination, and this is often cited as a primary reason for the higher prevalence of low-birth-weight babies among Black women. One type of discrimination that is less examined is neighborhood deprivation.
Method: This study systematically examined the impact of various sociodemographic and pregnancy predictors among 9607 women in Phoenix, Arizona. Using multilevel modeling, we analyzed whether neighborhood deprivation (using the Area Deprivation Index) influenced the association between demographic and pregnancy risk and protective factors on birth weight outcomes.
Results: Consistent with prior research, we found that Black and Asian women had lower-birth-weight babies than White women, while Hispanic women did not show a significant difference from non-Hispanic women. Additionally, multilevel modeling suggested that increased neighborhood deprivation tends to exacerbate the impact of some risk factors (e.g., race) and reduce the impact of specific protective factors (e.g., gestational age) on birth weight.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that both place and individual factors synergistically influence birth weight outcomes. Moreover, the results underscore the importance of targeting interventions to enhance resources among those who live in the most deprived neighborhoods.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) (ISSN 1660-4601) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles, critical reviews, research notes, and short communications in the interdisciplinary area of environmental health sciences and public health. It links several scientific disciplines including biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, cellular and molecular biology, chemistry, computer science, ecology, engineering, epidemiology, genetics, immunology, microbiology, oncology, pathology, pharmacology, and toxicology, in an integrated fashion, to address critical issues related to environmental quality and public health. Therefore, IJERPH focuses on the publication of scientific and technical information on the impacts of natural phenomena and anthropogenic factors on the quality of our environment, the interrelationships between environmental health and the quality of life, as well as the socio-cultural, political, economic, and legal considerations related to environmental stewardship and public health.
The 2018 IJERPH Outstanding Reviewer Award has been launched! This award acknowledge those who have generously dedicated their time to review manuscripts submitted to IJERPH. See full details at http://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph/awards.