Antimicrobial Resistance in Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections.

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI:10.1007/s11904-025-00722-7

Lorenzo Giacani, Catriona S Bradshaw, Christina A Muzny, Keonte J Graves, Shivani Pasricha, Stephen J Jordan, Lao-Tzu Allan-Blitz

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Antimicrobial resistance in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has become an urgent global public health threat, raising the specter of untreatable infections. This review summarizes the determinants of resistance among the five most common curable STIs Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Treponema pallidum, and Trichomonas vaginalis, as well as strategies to mitigate the spread of resistance.

Recent findings: Genetic mutations are key drivers of resistance for N. gonorrhoeae and M. genitalium. Resistance in T. vaginalis can also occur because of genetic mutations, yet differential regulation of genes critical in antibiotic metabolism as well as co-infection with organisms that inactivate therapy play important roles. While resistance in C. trachomatis and T. pallidum has not been a substantial clinical concern, resistance selection via the continued widespread use of antimicrobials remains possible. While resistance determinants are diverse and differ by pathogen, the strategies required to mitigate the continued emergence of resistance are similar: prevention of infection and treatment diversification. Underpinning those strategies, surveillance remains essential for monitoring and responding to the threat of drug-resistant infections.

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可治愈性传播感染中的抗菌素耐药性。

综述目的：性传播感染（STIs）的抗微生物药物耐药性已成为一个紧迫的全球公共卫生威胁，引发了无法治疗的感染的幽灵。本文综述了淋病奈瑟菌、沙眼衣原体、生殖支原体、梅毒螺旋体和阴道毛滴虫等五种最常见的可治愈性传播疾病的耐药决定因素，以及减轻耐药传播的策略。最近发现：基因突变是淋病奈瑟菌和生殖支原体耐药的关键驱动因素。阴道滴虫的耐药也可能由于基因突变而发生，但在抗生素代谢中至关重要的基因的差异调节以及与使治疗失活的生物体的共同感染起着重要作用。虽然沙眼衣原体和苍白衣原体的耐药性尚未成为重大的临床问题，但通过持续广泛使用抗菌素进行耐药性选择仍然是可能的。虽然耐药性决定因素多种多样，因病原体而异，但减轻耐药性持续出现所需的策略是相似的：预防感染和多样化治疗。作为这些战略的基础，监测对于监测和应对耐药感染的威胁仍然至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current HIV/AIDS Reports INFECTIOUS DISEASES-

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

2.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as antiretroviral therapies, behavioral aspects of management, and metabolic complications and comorbidity. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.